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chapter 10 microb
study for test material
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| recombinant DNA(rDNA) | technology removes DNA or RNA from one organism and puts it in another. |
| recombinant DNA(rDNA) | |
| genetic clones | certain bacteria can take in foreign DNA and even produce protein products from these genes |
| vector is usually | a plasmid or a virus |
| Prcoess of genetic clones | genes taken from a genetic donor--put into a vector(shuttle)-- and transferred to a cloning host. |
| recombinant DNA(rDNA) | technology removes DNA or RNA from one organism and puts it in another. |
| genetic clones | certain bacteria can take in foreign DNA and even produce protein products from these genes |
| Prcoess of genetic clones | genomic libraries |
| a good vector | must be able to carry a large piece of DNA and it must be readily accepted by the cloning host i.e. plasmids and bacteriophages |
| cosmid | hybrid vectors have been created by combining a plasmid and a phage. only carry up to a certain size of nucleic acid |
| artificial chromosomes | genome sized segments of cloned DNA carried by bacteria or yeast. |
| most common bacterial cloning host has been | escherichia coli |
| saccharomyces cerevisiae | most common yeast host |
| chimera | chunk of DNA is merged with a plasmid |
| transfection | process of introducing foreign genes into organisms |
| transgenic or GMO(genetically modified organisms) | organisms made through transfection |
| US patent law | allows GMOs to be patented because they are a manufactured form of life! |
| vectors | transfers things from one place to another, (mosquitos, for example) Transfers gene into a host cell, plasmids, viruses, liposomes, gold pellets, |
| transgenic | genetically modified organism whose source of new genetic material is a different species |
| the ultimate goal of genetic engineering | geneg line therapy where genes are inserted in an egg, sperm or early embryo to correct genetic disease genes |
| other names for gene therapy | antisense and triplex agents. |
| antisense | is a complementary strand of DNA to the mRNA for a gene product |
| US patent law | allows GMOs to be patented because they are a manufactured form of life! |
| vectors | transfers things from one place to another, (mosquitos, for example) Transfers gene into a host cell, plasmids, viruses, liposomes, gold pellets, |
| transgenic | genetically modified organism whose source of new genetic material is a different species |
| the ultimate goal of genetic engineering | geneg line therapy where genes are inserted in an egg, sperm or early embryo to correct genetic disease genes |
| other names for gene therapy | antisense and triplex agents. |
| antisense | is a complementary strand of DNA to the mRNA for a gene product |
| clone | a group of genetically identical cells or organisms derived from a single cell or individual by some kind of asexual reproduction |
| what characteristics of plasmids and bacteriophages make them good cloning vectors? | 1. Must be capable of carrying a significant piece of the donor DDNA 2. must be readily accepted by the cloning host. |
| describe the principles behind recombinant DNA technology (297,299) | to move genetic material from one organism and combine it with that of a different organism. |
| What characteristics of bacteria make them good cloning hosts? (300) | escherihia coli-original recombinant host, the protocols using it are well established, relatively easy, and reliable. (rapid growth, grown in large #s, non pathogenic, genome is well mapped, capable of acceptin plasmid,keep old genes,high#ofprotein |
| Describe what a DNA fingerprint is and why and how polymorphic fragments can be used to form a unique DNA pattern. (308,309) | a tool of forensic science.restriction enzyme is added to suspect dna and blood stain dna,e cuts dna 2 >fragments.its than put on electrophragmetic gel,electric current is applied fragments migrate and you look@ lengths |
| Discuss briefly how DNA fingerprinting is being used routinely by medicine, the law, the military, and human biology. (309,310,311) | identifying microorganisms, determing percentage, identifying criminal,detecting genetic disease |
Created by:
tifenny
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