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Legal Vocabulary
Common legal vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| ad hoc | for this purpose |
| advocate | a person who pleads in court |
| arbitration | reference of a dispute to an impartial person or panel |
| civil law | legal system developed from Roman codified law, established by a state for its regulation |
| common law | body of law formed through judicial or court decisions, as opposed to law formed through statutes or written legislation |
| confidentiality (in a contract) | a clause concerning the treating of information as private and not for distribution beyond specifically identified individuals or organisations |
| counsel | to give advice, especially in legal matters |
| court of appeal | court which reviews judgments held by lower courts |
| criminal law | area of law that deals with crime, punishment or penalties |
| damages | money awarded by a court in compensation for loss or injury |
| de facto | in fact |
| directive | order from a central authority, for example, the European Community. |
| duress | forcible restraint or restriction |
| fraud | deliberate misrepresentation or concealment of a material fact to gain an advantage |
| inter alia | among other things |
| ipso facto | by that very fact itself |
| issue | to produce or provide something official |
| mediation | negotiation to resolve differences conducted by some impartial party |
| monopoly | organisation or a group that has complete control of area of business so that others have no share |
| non-consensual | not agreed to or formed by agreement by all parties |
| notary | person authorized by the state to perform limited legal functions |
| offer | indication of willingness to enter into a contract on specified terms, whereby, if accepted by the other party, a binding contract would result |
| party | person or entity involved in agreement |
| per annum | per year |
| pro forma | as a matter of form |
| pro rata | proportionally |
| quorum | the number of officers or members of a body that when duly assembled is legally competent to transact business |
| sui juris | able to exercise one's own legal rights |
| ultra vires | beyond the legal powers of a person or a body |
| videlicet (viz.) | that is to say |
| accuse | to state that someone is guilty of a crime, to charge someone with a crime |
| administer | to apply, put into operation |
| allege | to claim or state that something is true |
| ambiguous | having more than one meaning |
| anomaly | something which is different from the normal type |
| appeal | to ask a higher court to review the decision and determine if justice was done |
| article | a complete, separate section in a document, such as a contract or a treaty |
| bill | a proposed law |
| breach | the act of breaking a law or an agreement, violation |
| charge | a formal accusation fo crime, usually made by the police |
| code | a systematic written collection of laws on a particular subject or area of law |
| company law | area of law relating to businesses organized as companies |
| construe | to interpret |
| culpable | deserving punishment |
| derogate | to act against an obligation |
| dicta | statements made in a judicial opinion that are not essential to the decision of the case |
| ejusdem generis | of the same kind |
| elect | to choose a candidate for an office by vote |
| enforce | to make people obey a rule or law |
| entrentched | when rights are specially protected by law so that it is very difficult to change them |
| ex gratia | as a favor |
| ex parte | on behalf of |
| fine | a sum of money to be paid by a convicted person as punishment for an offense |
| grant | to give something formally or legally |
| hold | to decide (in a judgment) |
| immunity | freedom from a legal obligation or consequence such as prosecution for crimes |
| in camera | in private |
| indecency | offensive content with possible social value |
| injured party | party that has suffered a violation of its legal rights |
| irreconcilable | incompatible/ not able to be resolved |
| issue | to give out officially |
| jurisdiction | the power of a court to hear and decide a case |
| liable | legally responsible for one's acts |
| litigation | process of proceeding against someone in a court action |
| penal | relating to punishment |
| plaintiff | person who takes legal action against somebody |
| repeal | to cancel a law officially so that is no longer valid |
| sui generis | unique, of its own kind, in a class by itself |
| tort | civil wrong for which the person who suffers can obtain damages in a civil court |
| vest | to place authority, power |
Created by:
Katja Suvanto
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