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Unit 1 AOS 1
Normality, Abnormality, Typicality and Atypicality
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is normality? | patterns of thoughts/feelings/behaviour that conform to a usual, typical or expected standard. |
| Define typical behaviour | an individual’s behaviour is consistent with how they typically behave |
| What is abnormality? | a pattern of thoughts, feelings or behaviour that is deviant (differ from social norms), distressing (to the individual or those around them) or dysfunctional (interfere with ability to live and complete everyday activities) |
| Define atypical behaviour | acting in ways that are unusual (atypical) for a person |
| What are the five criteria for categorising behaviour? | Social norms, Statistical rarity, Personal distress, Maladaptive behaviour, Cultural perspectives |
| What are statistical norms? | widely held standards about what we should or shouldn’t do in different situations |
| What does cultural perspective refer to? | Thoughts, feelings and behaviours that are appropriate or acceptable within a particular culture, but may not be a value shared by another |
| Define statistical rarity | If the large majority (statistical average) behave in a certain way it is considered to be typical behaviour. |
| Define personal distress | disruptive, intense and persistent emotional suffering |
| What is maladaptive behaviour? | those that are detrimental, counterproductive or interfere with the individual’s ability to successfully adjust to the environment and fulfil their typical roles in society. |
| Define neurotypicality | A term used to describe individuals who display neurological and cognitive functioning that is typical or expected |
| Define neurodiversity | Variations in neurological development and functioning within and between groups of people |
| Provide some examples of neurodiversity | Autism, ADHD, Tourette's syndrome, Dyslexia, Dysgraphia, Dyscalculia |
| What are some differences between psychologists and psychiatrists? | A psychiatrist is a medical doctor who can prescribe medication and manage complex conditions. A psychologist is not a medical doctor and focuses primarily on psychotherapyand behavioral interventions |
| What are some similarities between psychologists and psychiatrists? | Both are specialised mental health clinicians dedicated to understanding the human brain, diagnosing mental illnesses, and helping patients improve their emotional and mental well-being |
| What is the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental disorders (DSM). | The system used by mental health professionals most widely throughout the world to identify and classify mental illness for the purpose of diagnosis |
| What is a likert scale? | Likert-type or frequency scales use fixed choice response formats and are designed to measure attitudes oropinions |
Created by:
NikkiFuller
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