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Unit 1 AOS 1

Psychological development across the lifespan

QuestionAnswer
What is psychological development? Psychological development is defined as an individual’s cognitive, emotional and social growth over time.​
Cognitive development is... The changes in thought processes that occur as we age. This includes a more sophisticated production of thought as well as the ability to comprehend and organise information from the internal and external environment.
Emotional development is... The continuous, lifelong changes in skills that allow individuals to control, express, and recognize emotions in an appropriate way.
Social development is... The lifelong changes in skills that allow individuals to effectively and appropriately interact with others.
What are heredity factors? Factors that influence development and are genetically passed down from biological parents to their offspring
What is genetic predisposition? Genetic predisposition increases the likelihood of developing certain traits or conditions but does not guarantee outcomes
What are environmental factors? factors that influence development and arise from an individual’s physical and social surroundings
What is attachment? The emotional bond between an infant and their primary caregiver.
Define primary caregiver The adult/s who predominantly look after the child.
What is assimilation? Taking in new information and fitting it into an existing mental idea (schema).
What is accommodation? Changing an existing mental idea in order to fit new information
Define observational learning Learning that occurs when watching the actions of someone else, and the consequences that follow.
What is the biopsychosocial model? a holistic, interdisciplinary framework for understanding the human experience in terms of the influence of biological, psychological, and social factors
What are biological factors? internal genetic and/ or physiologically based factors
List some examples of biological factors • Genetic predispositions • Medications/substances • Nutrition • Sleep • Diseases and immune system functioning • Hormones
What are psychological factors? internal factors pertaining to an individual’s mental processes, including their cognition, affect, thoughts, beliefs, and attitudes.
Provide some examples of psychological factors • Attitudes/Beliefs • Emotions (affect) • Personality • Coping skills • Sense of self • Self esteem • Thoughts • Memories and learning
What are social factors? External factors relating to an individual’s interactions with others and their external environment, including their relationships and community involvement.
Define mental wellbeing An individual’s current psychological state, involving their ability to think, process information, and regulate emotions.
What is a sensitive period? Period of development in which it is optimal to learn a specific function or skill.
What is a critical period? Narrow and rigid period of development ​ in which a specific function or skill must be learnt.
What are twin studies? Correlational research that compares outcomes of identical and non-identical twins for research
Why are twin studies important? • Similarities between children and adoptive parents suggests environmental influences are greater​​ • Similarities between children and biological parents suggests inherited influences are greater​
Created by: NikkiFuller
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