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Spring Final Part 1
Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Embryology | _____ the evidence that organisms have evolved from a common ancestor because embryos of different organisms appear similar |
| Fossils | _____ remains of previously living organisms that provide scientists with evidence of how organisms have changed over time |
| Variation | _____ naturally occurring differences in the species, which can be beneficial leading to eventual adaptations |
| Vestigial Structures | _____ the evidence that organisms have evolved over time because there are remaining structures in some organisms that are no longer being used today |
| Homologous Structures | _____ the evidence that organisms have evolved from a common ancestor because some structures of differing organisms appear similar, like the wings of a bird, bat, and insects |
| Allele Frequency | _____ the percentage of a specific allele appearing in a population. Calculated by taking the specific allele and dividing it by the total number of alleles in the population. |
| Analogous Structures | _____ structures in genetically different organisms that have the same function due to environmental requirements |
| Stabilizing Evolution | _____ the evolution of a species in which the average or median variation of traits is favored over both extremes |
| Directional Evolution | _____ organisms that DO have a common ancestor but have become more and more different over time. Ex: wolves and dogs |
| Adaptive Radiation | _____ the creation of a variety of new species evolving from a common ancestor, such as Darwin's Finches |
| Divergent Evolution | _____ organisms that DO have a common ancestor but have become more and more different over time. Ex: wolves and dogs |
| Convergent Evolution | _____ organisms that do not have a common ancestor, but develop common characteristics due to their environment. Ex: dolphins and fish and penguins |
| Recombinant DNA | _____ combining 2 or more segments of DNA from other organisms to create transgenic organisms |
| GMO | _____ organisms that have had their genes modified in a science lab to make them: produce more, healthier, or pesticide/herbicide resistant options |
| Restriction Enzyme | _____ used to cut DNA into smaller pieces |
| STEM Cells | _____ undifferentiated cells that can be programmed by doctors and scientists to become specialized for the use in replacing damaged cells due to disease or injury |
| Autotroph | _____ an organism that can produce its own energy/food, typically through photosynthesis |
| Taxonomy | _____ branch of Biology that groups and names organisms |
| Fungi | _____ eukaryotic, unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophs, decomposers, cell walls made of chitin |
| Heterotroph | _____ an organism that cannot produce its own energy and therefore must consume other organisms |
| Protista | _____ eukaryotic, unicellular or multicellular, heterotroph & autotroph, most varied group, some have cell walls some do not, can reproduce sexually or asexually |
| Prokaryote | _____ an organism without a nucleus; genetic material floats freely throughout the organism |
| Eukaryote | _____ an organism that has its genetic material contained inside a nucleus |
| Eubacteria | _____ prokaryotic, unicellular, heterotroph & autotroph, "true bacteria", cell walls with peptidoglycan, found in most areas |
| Archaebacteria | _____ prokaryotic, unicellular, heterotroph & autotroph, lives in harsh environments, has a cell wall without peptidoglycan |
| Phylogenetic Tree | _____ a diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships & how closely or distantly related organisms are |
| Endosymbiotic Theory | _____ The explanation of how eukaryotic cells have developed from prokaryotic cells |
| Geographic Isolation | _____ the isolation of a population of a species due to geographic features like mountains, lakes, streams, etc., resulting in two species to be developed over time. |
| Disruptive Evolution | _____ the evolution of a species in which both extreme variations of traits are favored over the average or median trait |
Created by:
gphs8418
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