the outmost layer of plant cells. function: protects the plant reduces water loss. in the roots.

layer of tissue just inside the epidermis. function: storage (especally starch) and transport of materials inward.

inner boundary of the cortex, mostly in the roots. function; controls what enters the vascular system. found in roots and stems.

one of the vascular tissues. function: transports water and minerals from roots to shoots. movement is mostly upward.

another vascular tissue. function: transports sugars made during photosynthesis. can move up and down.

specialized organelles found in plant cells. function: store starch (peserve energy). common in roots and storage tissues.

everything above the ground on a plant

the very tip of the plant at the top. primarily growth.

very tip of the root at the bottom. primarily for growth.

basic leaf, one leaf attched to a stem. Ex: oak leaf.

many leaflets that all attach to one stem.

tiny pores that open and close for gas exchange.

double compond leaves

the leaf is split into leaflets and the leaflets are split again into more leaflets.

a layer of cells inside the leaf. main site of photosynthesis. located just under the upper epidermis.

this is located below the palisade layer. function is gas exchange and some photosynthesis.

a region of rapidly dividing cells at the tip of the root and shoots. drives primary growth. its found at the shoot apex and the root apex.

a thin layer of dividing cells (a lateral meristem) found between xylem and phloem. Produces new vascular tissue → responsible for secondary growth.

the xylem produced by the vascular cambium. funcation are like the regular xylem.

Outermost layer Usually green and leaf-like Function: Protect the flower while it’s still a bud

function is to attract pollinaters.

made up of stamens. Each stamen has: Anther: produces pollen Filament: stalk that holds up the anther 👉Pollen contains the male gametophyte (sperm-producing structure)

Made up of carpels (pistil): Stigma – sticky tip that catches pollen Style – tube leading downward Ovary – contains ovules 👉 Ovules contain the female gametophyte

1 seed leaf (cotyledon), flower petals in multiples of 3 (e.g., 3, 6 petals), narrow, long leaves. Ex:grasses, corn, lilies.

2 seed leaves, flower petals in multiples of 4 or 5, th leaves are broader, more varied shapes. Ex: roses, beans, oak trees.

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bio practical 2

bio

Term	Definition
Epidermis	the outmost layer of plant cells. function: protects the plant reduces water loss. in the roots.
cortex	layer of tissue just inside the epidermis. function: storage (especally starch) and transport of materials inward.
endodermis	inner boundary of the cortex, mostly in the roots. function; controls what enters the vascular system. found in roots and stems.
xylem	one of the vascular tissues. function: transports water and minerals from roots to shoots. movement is mostly upward.
phloem	another vascular tissue. function: transports sugars made during photosynthesis. can move up and down.
amyloplasts	specialized organelles found in plant cells. function: store starch (peserve energy). common in roots and storage tissues.
shoot	everything above the ground on a plant
shoot apex	the very tip of the plant at the top. primarily growth.
lateral root	smaller roots branching off.
root apex	very tip of the root at the bottom. primarily for growth.
primary roots	the main central roots.
simple leaves	basic leaf, one leaf attched to a stem. Ex: oak leaf.
compound leaves	many leaflets that all attach to one stem.
stomata	tiny pores that open and close for gas exchange.
double compond leaves	the leaf is split into leaflets and the leaflets are split again into more leaflets.
palisade mesophyll	a layer of cells inside the leaf. main site of photosynthesis. located just under the upper epidermis.
spongy mesophyll	this is located below the palisade layer. function is gas exchange and some photosynthesis.
aprial meristem	a region of rapidly dividing cells at the tip of the root and shoots. drives primary growth. its found at the shoot apex and the root apex.
root cap
vascular cambium	a thin layer of dividing cells (a lateral meristem) found between xylem and phloem. Produces new vascular tissue → responsible for secondary growth.
secondary xylem	the xylem produced by the vascular cambium. funcation are like the regular xylem.
sepals	Outermost layer Usually green and leaf-like Function: Protect the flower while it’s still a bud
petals	function is to attract pollinaters.
androecium (male)	made up of stamens. Each stamen has: Anther: produces pollen Filament: stalk that holds up the anther 👉Pollen contains the male gametophyte (sperm-producing structure)
gynoecium (female)	Made up of carpels (pistil): Stigma – sticky tip that catches pollen Style – tube leading downward Ovary – contains ovules 👉 Ovules contain the female gametophyte
dicot	1 seed leaf (cotyledon), flower petals in multiples of 3 (e.g., 3, 6 petals), narrow, long leaves. Ex:grasses, corn, lilies.
monocots	2 seed leaves, flower petals in multiples of 4 or 5, th leaves are broader, more varied shapes. Ex: roses, beans, oak trees.

Created by: demersthebiatch

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