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Animal Science 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Pig carcass weight | 205 lb |
| Pig Intramuscular fat | > 3% |
| Pig feed efficiency | 2.4 |
| Pig muscle color score | 4 |
| Growth rate heritability | 35% |
| Feed efficiency heritability | 30% |
| Carcass traits heritability | 48% |
| Pig fat over the loin at the ___ rib | 10th |
| Unsoundness heritability | Moderate |
| Cryptochidism | Retention of one or both testicles |
| #1 reason to cull | Age |
| Sows have __ litters of __ pigs than gilts | Larger, heavier |
| Boars contribute __ of the genetic contribution | 80-90% |
| Swine industry is concentrated in the | Corn belt |
| 6 phases of swine industry | Breeding, farrowing, nursery, growing, and finishing |
| Life cycle of pigs from harvest | 305 days |
| Gestation period of pigs | 114 days |
| Baby pigs weaned at | 21 days |
| Nursery period | < 45 days |
| Growing-finishing period | < 128 days |
| Several barns where weanlings are moved to in groups | Nursery |
| Several barns were growers are moved to in groups | Finishing facility |
| New boars should be purchased ___ before being used | 60 days |
| Young boars can pen breed ___ gilts | 8-10 |
| Mature boars can pen breed ___ females | 10-12 |
| Young boars can hand mate ___ daily | Once |
| Mature boars can pen breed ___ daily | Twice |
| Handmating should be done ___ before estrus | 40 hours |
| Gilts should weight ___ at 8 months when exposed for mating | 250-260 lbs |
| ___ of market hogs result from AI | 80-90% |
| Gilts should gain ___ during gestation | 100-120 lbs |
| Sows should gain ___ during gestation | 75-100 lbs |
| Gilts should farrow at | 350-400 lbs |
| Sows should farrow a | 425-550 lbs |
| Farrowing percentage | 85% |
| ___ litters per sow per year | 2.3 |
| ___ pigs weaned per breeding female per year | > 24 |
| Breeding herd death loss | < 4% |
| Preening death loss | < 8% |
| 1/3 of preening deaths occur in the first | 72 hours |
| Newborn pigs should receive colostrum within | 4-6 hours |
| Temperature for baby pigs should be | 90-100 F |
| Use of specific ration for the specific pigs differing in-group | Phase feeding |
| Main component of pig feed | Cereal grains |
| Barrows require ___ but ___ than gilts | More feed, less lysine |
| Hogs are marketed at | 275 to 290 lbs |
| ___ of hogs are sold on a contract basis | 80% |
| Handlers should move among pigs for | 1 min per day |
| Pig dressing rate | 70-74% |
| Pig rate of gain on feed | 1.5-1.9 lbs/day |
| Pig feed per lb of gain | 2.5-3.0 lbs/day |
| Pig birth weight | 2.7-3.3 lbs |
| Merino, Rambouillet | Fine wool |
| Dorset, Texel | Medium wool |
| Border Leicester, Lincoln | Long wool |
| Katahdin, Dorper | Hair sheep |
| East Friesian | Milk |
| Suffolk, Hampshire, Southdown | Meat |
| Herding instinct | Fine wool |
| Scatter across grazing area | Ram breeds |
| Spanish, Boer | Meat |
| Alpine, LaMancha, Nubian, Oberhasli, Saanen, Toggenburg | Milk |
| Angora, Changthangi | Fiber |
| Common adjusted calculation in sheep | 90 day weight |
| Sheep cycle at ___ intervals | 17 day |
| Sheep gestation | 145-147 days |
| Goats cycle at ___ intervals | 21 days |
| Goat gestation | 150 days |
| Rams should be in pasture | 40 days maximum |
| Removing wool around tail and vulva to assist with breeding | Tagging |
| 4x4 ft, heat lamp that provides a temp of 90 F | Lambing jugs |
| Most limiting nutrient for ewes | Energy |
| Requires access to superior pastures capable of providing the nutrients to sustain rapid growth to market | Grass lambs |
| Marketed under a relatively wide range of weights and conditions | Easter lambs |
| Produced out of season and usually focused on east coast market outlets | Hothouse lambs |
| Increasing feed to assure that females are gaining weight | Flushing |
| Small pieces of dung that stick to wool | Dung tags |
| Most lambs are born in | Spring |
| Lambs are castrated between | 3-4 weeks |
| Docking is between | 1-4 weeks |
| Fly gas are deposited during warm weather | Fly strike |
| Shearing is done between | January-May |
| Farm flock lamb crop | 160-180% |
| Range flock lamb crop | 120-130% |
| Sheep birth weight for singles | 10-12 lbs |
| Sheep birth weight for twins | 7-9 lbs |
| Sheep weaning std for reporting | 90 days |
| Sheep weaning weight | 70-90 lbs |
| Sheep market weight | 90-120 lbs |
| Sheep estrus cycle | 17 days |
| Sheep dressing percentage | 50-52% |
| Goat estrus cycle | 21 days |
| Most kids are born between | January-April |
| Male goats are castrated between | 4-6 weeks |
| Any defect that interferes with the usefulness of the horse | Unsoundness |
| A defect that detracts from the appearance of the horse but does not interfere with their usefulness | Blemish |
| Occurs when the hind foot hits the shoe on the front foot | Forging |
| Provide pleasure for owners through activities such as racing, riding, and exhibition shows | Light breeds |
| Bred for pulling carts/wagons and plowing fields | Draft horses |
| Ideal horse body condition score | 5 to 6 |
| Light breeds reach puberty at ___months of age | 12 to 18 |
| Draft breeds reach puberty at ___months of age | 18 to 24 |
| Horse estrous cycle | 22 days |
| Horse estrus period | 5 to 7 days |
| Horse gestation length | 340 days |
| Horses should be vaccinated to prevent | Tetanus |
| (Distemper) highly contagious bacterial disease that affects upper respiratory tract and lymph glands | Strangles |
| Viral infections that affect the brain, spread by mosquitoes as well as between horses | Equine encephalitis |
| Transmitted via mosquitos or bird vectors, causes depression, loss of hindquarter coordination, tremors, and paralysis | West Nile virus |
| Horses should be dewormed at least | 2x per year |
| Horse reproduction rate | 90% |
| Horse birth weight | 100-120 lbs |
| Horse weaning weight | 400-600 lbs |
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