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Evo & Human Bio
Evolution & Human Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Darwin | first published description of evolution by means of natural selection |
| evolution | change in a populations over time |
| species | similar organisms that can interbreed in nature |
| variation | differences among individuals in a populations |
| artificial selection | breeding organisms with specific traits in order to produce offspring with those traits |
| natural selection | individuals with beneficial variations (adaptations) will survive and pass their traits on to their offspring |
| adaptation | any variation that helps an organism's chances of survival in an environment |
| structural adaptation | a beneficial variation that involves body parts |
| mimicry | a structural adaptation that enables a species to resemble another species |
| camouflage | a structural adaptation that enables a species to blend in with their surroundings |
| physiological adaptation | a beneficial variation that involves internal metabolic (chemical) processes |
| fossils | evidence for evolution that is a remnant of past life |
| anatomical evidence | evidence for evolution that includes homologous, analogous, or vestigial structures |
| homologous structures | similar structures with different functions |
| analogous structures | different structures with similar functions |
| vestigial structures | structures that are reduced in size or not used in the same way as an ancestors |
| embryology | evidence of evolution that involves looking at the earliest stages of organism's life |
| embryo | the earliest stage of plants and animals |
| biochemical evidence | evidence for evolution that includes comparison of DNA, RNA, or protein structures of organims |
| biogeographical evidence | evidence for evolution that involves looking at where on Earth organisms live |
| integumentary system | includes the skin, hair , nails and glands and protects the body from dehydration, infection, or injury |
| skeletal system | includes the bones, ligaments, and tendons and provides support, protection, place for muscle attachment, and makes the blood cells |
| muscular system | includes skeletal, cardiac, and smooth tissues that are involvement in movement of the body, the pumping of the heart, and moving materials within internal organs |
| nervous system | includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves and uses electrical signals to control the workings of the entire body |
| circulatory/cardiovascular system | includes the heart, arteries, and veins and keeps blood moving as well as transporting oxygen, carbon dioxide, food, waste, hormones, etc |
| lymphatic/immune system | includes tonsils, spleen, and lymph nodes and works to protect the body from infection |
| digestive system | includes the stomach, liver, and intestines and allows the body to receive and breakdown food , absorb nutrients, and get rid of wastes |
| respiratory system | includes the trachea, bronchi, and lungs and exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between the environment and the blood |
| urinary/excretory system | includes the kidneys, ureters, and urinary bladder ; filters the blood to remove waste and regulate water balance |
| endocrine system | includes the hormonal glands such as the pituitary, adrenal glands, and testes and ovaries; produces hormones to regulate the body |
| hormones | chemical messengers that control many activities of the body; examples are adrenalin and insulin |
| reproductive system | includes the gonads and all tubes and organs that produce and deliver sperm or produce eggs and grow developing offspring |
Created by:
Mrs. Meeks SHS
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