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Genetics

Unit 1&2 VCE Biology

TermDefinition
polygenic inheritance occurs when a trait is controlled by many genes
autosomal inheritance occurs when gene of interest is on an autosome
continuous variation members of a population vary across a range for a particular trait; associated with polygenic inheritance
monogenic inheritance occurs when a trait is controlled by one gene only
codominance occurs when a heterozygote expresses both alleles in its phenotype
punnett square a graphical representation of the possible genotypes of an offspring arising from a particular cross or breeding event
heterozygous having two different alleles for a particular gene
recessive a trait that requires two copies of the allele for it to be expressed
discontinuous variation members of a population can be grouped into a few non-overlapping classes for a particular trait; associated with monogenic inheritance
incomplete dominance occurs when a heterozygote expresses a phenotype that is different to either dominant allele, it is a 'blend' of both
genotype particular alleles an organism has for a specific gene
dominant a trait that only requires one copy of the allele for it to be expressed
pedigree a chart that maps out the inheritance of a specific trait through generations of a family
locus location of gene on a chromosome
sex-linked inheritance occurs when gene of interest is on a sex chromosome
carrier a heterozygous individual that has 1 copy of a particular allele but it is not expressed in the phenotype
monohybrid cross type of cross involving one gene
homozygous having two of the same allele for a particular gene
phenotype expression of genotype as physical characteristic
Created by: BiologyBright
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