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DNA manipulation

Unit 3&4 VCE Biology

TermDefinition
endonuclease (restriction enzyme) enzyme that cuts double stranded DNA at specific recognition sites
sgRNA piece of RNA made by scientists to be complementary to target DNA and to guide/bind to Cas9
DNA polymerase (taq polymerase) enzyme used to form the DNA polymer
PCR polymerase chain reaction, used to amplify small amounts of DNA
primer short single stranded DNA (or RNA) sequences complementary to a segment of DNA, used as a starting point for building a DNA (or RNA) polymer
CRISPR/Cas9 system used by bacteria to protect from viruses, scientists also use this system to edit genes
DNA ligase enzyme used to join double stranded DNA fragments
Cas9 specific endonuclease involved in the CRISPR/Cas9 system
recognition sequence sequence of 3 – 6 nucleotides within a DNA molecule that forms a specific location for endonucleases to cut
plasmid small, circular, double stranded fragment of DNA, present in many copies in bacterial cells
vector (DNA manipulation) an agent, such as a plasmid, that carries passenger DNA into a cell
STR short sequence of DNA that is repeated numerous times, the number of repeats varies between individuals, used for DNA profiling
TGO a type of genetically modified organism that contain genes/DNA that has been transferred from an organism of a different species
bacterial transformation process by which bacteria take up segments of foreign DNA which they incorporate into their genome
gel electrophoresis used to sort DNA strands based on size
PAM DNA sequence used by bacteria to distinguish self from non-self
GMO
DNA profiling technique for identifying DNA from different individuals
denature (DNA)
Created by: BiologyBright
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