Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
H&C InfectioNUR 235
H&C PNA, Appendicitis, UTI
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In order for an infection to be prevented the chain of infection must be : | interrupted |
| The ____________________ is a person, plant, animal, substance, or location that provides nourishment for microorganisms and enables further dispersal of the organism | reservoir |
| in order for an infection to occur the host must be ______ | susceptible |
| _________________ is the term used to describe the presence of microorganisms without host interference or interaction. | colonization |
| What is an HAI | health-care associated infection , formerly known as a nosocomial infection |
| What is the first tier of precautions called ? | standard precautions |
| _______________precautions is designed for the care of ALL patients | standard precautions |
| The most common way bacteria is spread is through | hand contact |
| The nurse educates the patient that there must be __________ seconds of scrubbing for effective handwashing | 20 |
| when donning PPE what is put on first ? | gown |
| When doffing PPE what comes off first ? | gloves |
| What precaution is used for the FLU | droplet |
| What precaution is used for scabies ? | contact |
| ___________ is a highly infectious, spore-forming bacterium | C. Dificile |
| MRSA is caused by what pathogen ? | staphylococcus aureus |
| when should the FLU vaccine be administered ? | Fall |
| Your 68 year old patient comes to the clinic in October for his flu vaccine, he is also due for his pneumococal vaccine. He wants to get both at the same time. What do you do ? | give him both (with MD orders) p. 1904 |
| ___________________is an inflammation of the lung parenchyma caused by various microorganisms, including bacteria, mycobacteria, fungi, and viruses. | pneumonia |
| What are the 4 types of pneumonia ? | community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), health care–associated pneumonia (HCAP), hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP), and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) |
| What is the most common bacterial cuase of CAP in persons younger than 60 ? | s. Pneumoniae |
| Why are HCAPs often multi drug resistant ? | beause of their contact with the health environment p. 461 |
| What causes aspiration pneumonia ? | entry of endogenous or exogenous substances into the lower airway |
| which is more common , bronchopneumonia or lobar pneumonia ? | bronchopneumonia is more common |
| On percussion of lobar pneumonia what sound is anticipated ? | dull |
| Pneumonia commonly occurs with what co-morbidities ? | heart failure, diabetes, alcohol use disorder, COPD, and AIDS p. 463 |
| what are the predominant signs pneumonia ? | crackles, if consolidation of lung tissue : increased tactile fremitus, percussion dullness, bronchial breath sounds, egophony and whispered pectoriloquy (whispered sounds are easily auscultated through the chest wall). |
| What is orthopnea ? | (shortness of breath when reclining or in the supine position), preferring to be propped up or sitting in bed leaning forward |
| What is bacteremia ? | blood infection |
| Your patient has received the PCV 15 and is asking if they should receive the PCV 23 vaccine. What is your answer ? | yes, they should receive the 23 , p. 464 |
| Your patient has pneumonia and has been prescribed amoxicillin however you note he is allergic to penicillins. What is your next course of action? | contact the provider, anticipate an order for levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, vancomycin or linezolid |
| What are some contributing factors to a lower tract UTI ? | Diabetes • sex •Gout •Neurologic disorders •Pregnancy |
| What are some causes of urinary flow obstruction ? | Congenital abnormalities •Urethral strictures•Contracture of the bladder neck•Bladder tumors•Calculi (stones) in the ureters or kidneys•Compression of the ureters |
| What are the 3 ways bacteria enter the urinary tract ? | transurethral route (ascending infection), through the bloodstream (hematogenous spread), or by means of a fistula from the intestine (direct extension). |
| What are the symptoms of a lower urinary tract infection ? | burning on urination, urinary frequency, urgency, nocturia, incontinence, and suprapubic or pelvic pain. Hematuria (red blood cells in the urine) may be present, and bladder or back pain may be present if there are blood clots in the urine |
| What are the symptoms of a COMPLICATED UTI | bacteriuria, Gram-negative sepsis with shock |
| Your 78 year old female patient wants to know why she got a UTI. Your best response is: | older adults differs from that in younger adults. Bacteriuria increases with age and disability, and females are affected more frequently than males |
| What is an early sign of a UTI in a geriatric patient ? | malaise, nocturia, urinary incontinence, or a report of foul-smelling urine. |
| A patient comes for a routine physical. All vitals are normal, she works at the local food bank part time and goes to zumba classes daily. Her urine shows bacteria. She wants to know why the doctor did not order an antibiotic. What do you tell her ? | she does not have symptoms therefore she should increase fluids and contact the office if symptoms arise |
| your patient has a UTI and has been prescribed nitrofurantoin. Is this a correct drug for this diagnosis ? | yes |
| Your patient has pyelonephritis and has been prescribed nitrofurantoin for 3 days is this a correct drug for this diagnosis? | no, nitrofurantoin is for UTI and not pyelonehpritis which requires a stronger medication for a longer course p. 1406 |
| Your patient has been respcribed trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for a UTI. What is your next course of action ? | notify the provider due to the noted allergy |
| Your patient calls the office upset that they are peeing orange after taking a medication for urinary pain. What medication were they likely treated with ? | phenazopyridine (azo) which turns urine orange (and can stain contact lenses !) |
| your patient has a lower UTI and would like to relieve some pain non-pharmaceutically. What education do you provide ? | application of heat to the perineum help relieve pain and spasms. |
| Your patient wants to know what are urinary tract irritants in the diet ? What is your response? | coffee, tea, citrus, spices, colas, alcohol |
| what are the symptoms of acute pyelonephritis ? | chills, fever, leukocytosis, bacteriuria, and pyuria. Low back pain, flank pain, nausea and vomiting, headache, malaise, and painful urination |
| Where does the appendix empty ? | into the cecum |
| What is the pathophysiology of appendicitis ? | appendix becomes inflamed and edematous as a result of becoming kinked or occluded by a fecalith, lymphoid hyperplasia (secondary to inflammation or infection), or, rarely, foreign bodies (e.g., fruit seeds) or tumors. |
| What are the symptoms of appendicitis ? | Vague periumbilical pain, anorexia, right lower quadrant pain and nausea , possible low grade fever p. 1136 |
| tenderness may be present in appendicitis ? what findings are noted for this ? | + McBurney, + Rovsing, rebound tenderness (Blumberg) p. 1136 |
| if the appendix has ruptured the pain is most consistent with what other infectious process ? | peritonitis |
| Your patient's WBC is 13,500. he has a + Blumber, + McBurney. Is the WBC considered consistent with appendicitis ? | yes , greater than 10500 |
| A female is suspected of having an appendicitis. the MD orders a pregnancy test and she wants to know why. What is your best answer ? | the pregnancy test will help rule out an ectopic pregnancy |
| Your 18 year old patient has an elevated WBC of 14,500, is positive finding for appendicitis on physical exam but negative for abscess, perforation or fecolith. Oral antibiotics are ordered and a discharge order is written. Is this correct ? | No, they are usually admitted for IV antibiotics p. 1136 (but surgery is not indicated) |
| Your patient has had an appendectomy, how should they be postioned post op ? | High fowlers |
| When is food introduced to a post op patient who has had an appendectomy ? | when bowel sounds are present |
Created by:
Kelly Quijano
Popular Nursing sets