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Floods

QuestionAnswer
What is a flood? Overflow of water that covers normally dry land
What is a flash flood? A flood caused by heavy rain in a short time (usually under 6 hours)
How is flooding different from flash flooding? Flooding lasts days or weeks; flash floods happen quickly
What causes flash floods? Intense rainfall in a short period
Which type of flood causes the most deaths? Flash floods
What percentage of flood deaths are vehicle-related? About 50%
How much moving water can carry away a car? About 2 ft
What is buoyant uplift? Upward force from water that lifts the car
What is lateral force? Sideways push of moving water on the car
How much upward force can water apply to a car? About 1,500 lbs
How much sideways force can water apply? About 1,000 lbs
Why are vehicles easily swept away? Water lifts them (buoyancy) and pushes them sideways (lateral force)
What is an atmospheric river? A long band of warm air carrying large amounts of water vapor
Where do atmospheric rivers originate? The tropics
At what altitude do they travel? Low altitude
Why do atmospheric rivers cause heavy rain? They carry huge amounts of moisture that fall as precipitation
What increases rainfall when they hit mountains? Orographic lifting
What is the Pineapple Express? A type of atmospheric river from Hawaii to the U.S. West Coast
How much rainfall does it provide to the West Coast? About 30–50% of annual rainfall
What is a flash flood? Rapid flooding within hours.
What is a regional flood? Large-scale flooding lasting days to weeks
What causes coastal flooding during hurricanes? Storm surge
What is a floodplain? The flat land next to a river that floods
What happens when a river has too much water? It erodes banks and overflows.
What are structural flood controls? Dams, levees, and channel modifications
What are non-structural flood controls? Forecasting, zoning, and evacuation planning
Created by: user-2027283
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