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FL G5 Test Prep 2026

Targeted Vocabulary

TermDefinitionNotes
weathering The process by which rocks and other surfaces are broken down. breaking down of rock by wind, water, ice, temperature change, and plants
erosion The process by which rock, soil, and other weathered earth materials are moved from one place to another. movement of rock by gravity, wind, water, and ice.
Characteristic A feature, quality, property, or trait of an object or organism.
Hardness A property of a mineral that describes how easily it can be scratched
Luster A property of a mineral that describes how it appears when it reflects light
Cleavage A property used to describe how a mineral breaks apart along smooth surfaces.
Igneous rock A type of rock that forms from cooled magma or lava.
Metamorphic rock A type of rock that is formed over time from existing rock due to extreme pressure and/or heat.
Mineral A naturally occurring inorganic solid with a distinct chemical composition and crystalline structure.
Sedimentary rock A type of rock formed from layers of sediment.
Soil The loose top layer of Earth’s surface made of weathered rock and organic matter
Streak The color of the powder of a mineral when it is rubbed on a streak plate.
Climate The average pattern of weather that occurs in a certain location over many years.
Weather The condition of the atmosphere at a given time and place.
Water vapor The gas state of water
Condensation The process by which water is changed from a gas (water vapor) to a liquid; a stage of the water cycle.
Precipitation A form of water (e.g., hail, rain, sleet, snow) that condenses in the atmosphere and falls to Earth’s surface.
Evaporation The process by which water is changed from a liquid to a gas (water vapor); a stage of the water cycle.
Humidity A measure of the amount of water vapor in the air.
Pistil The female reproductive structure of a flowering plant
Stamen The male reproductive structure of a flowering plant.
Temperate zone A climate zone located between the tropics and the polar circles generally characterized by moderate temperatures rather than extremely hot or cold temperatures
Tropical zone A climate zone near the equator characterized by warm temperatures.
Polar zone A climate zone characterized by very little precipitation and extremely cold temperatures.
Reproduction The process of making more organisms of the same kind.
Vertebrate An animal that has a backbone.
Invertebrate An animal that lacks a backbone.
Comet An object made of rock, ice, dust, and gas that revolves around the Sun
Hemisphere Half of Earth (i.e., Northern, Southern, Eastern, Western).
Nymph A pre-adult insect undergoing incomplete metamorphosis
Pupa A stage in the life cycle of an insect that occurs between larva and adult
CLASSify Group You're grouped into this class, school, hair color etc.
Renewable resource You can always get more sunlight, wind, water, geothermal heat, and biomass.
Nonrenewable resource After you use it, its gone fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas) and nuclear fuels (uranium)
Low-pressure systems bring unsettled, stormy weather caused by rising air that cools and condenses, creating clouds and precipitation Low gonna make your hair blow
High-pressure systems bring fair, calm, and dry weather with clear skies. As air sinks, it warms and dries, evaporating clouds and preventing precipitation. Hi (Hello) blue sky
patterns of stars stay the same although they appear to shift across the sky nightly, and different stars can be seen in different seasons.
rotation day and night 12/24 HRS
revolution 1 trip= 1 year
humidity how much moister in the air measured by: hygrometer
Elevation how high something is
reduce subtract
Population how many of something there is in an area
converted changed
Breeding reproducing
combination adding together
at rest not moving
factor into the decision the reasoning
drought low water supply; needs rain
dew tiny droplets of water that form on cool surfaces like grass, leaves, or car tops—through condensation overnight as air cools and water vapor turns to liquid.
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