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Micro Chap 12

TermDefinition
Antibiotics from bacteria species? Streptomyces and bacillus
Antibiotics from molds? penicillium and cephalosporium
Polymyxins limited by? toxicity to the kidneys
Polymyxin mechanism of action? interacts with membrane phospholipids; distort cells surface and causes leakage
Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin are? fluoroquinolones
Fluoroquinolones mechanism of action? DNA replication, DNA gyrase inhibitors
Rifampin mechanism of action? transcription of DNA, binds to RNA polymerase
aminoglycosides MOA? mRNA is misread (binds to 30S); streptomycin and neomycin
tetracyclines MOA? tRNA is blocked
Chloramphenicol MOA? formation of peptide bonds is blocked (binds to 50S)
Erythromycin MOA? ribosome is prevented from translocating (binds to 50S)
Oxalolidinones MOA? prevents initiation of protein synthesis (binds to 50s)
Sulfonamides MOA? competitive inhibitors of PABA pathway (blocks folic acid synthesis)
Main groups to treat fungal infections? Griseofulvin (prevents cell division), synthetic azoles (inhibit ergosterol synthesis), macrolide polyene antibiotics, and flucytosine
MOA for preventing viruses? barring penetration, blocking transcription/translation, preventing the maturation of viral particles
4 principles for preventing drug resistance? limit drug use, proper drug use, narrow range antibiotics, multiple drug treatments
beta-lactams are? penicillins and cephalosporins
Vancomycin and bacitracin MOA? lipid carrier inhibitors
Polymyxin B can only be used by humans how? topically due to toxicity
Created by: qclemenz
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