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Ch. 19 Science
Earth science study guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the study of the atmosphere called | meteorology |
| list five conditions used to describe weather | temperature, atmospheric pressure, wind direction and speed, precipitation, and humidity |
| what is the most common form of precipitation | rain |
| list three other forms of precipitation | snow, sleet, hail |
| what is the difference between weather and meteorology | weather is the CONDITION of the ATMOSPHERE at any given time. Meteorology is the STUDY of the ATMOSPHERE for the purpose of knowing the current weather and predicting future weather. |
| weather | the condition of earth’s atmosphere at any given time and place |
| atmospheric pressure | the weight of atmospheric gases on the earth’s surface |
| barometer | the instrument we use to measure air pressure |
| Wind | moving air |
| (wind) chill factor | the lowering of felt air temperature as wind blows over unprotected skin |
| precipitation | Any form of water that falls to the earth’s surface from the sky |
| Relative humidity | The ratio of the amount of water the air does hold to the amount it can hold at a certain temperature |
| (True or False) when a weather forecaster says that there is a low-pressure air mass moving through your area, you can expect the air temperature to drop when it arrives | False |
| What causes air to move | air Moves when DIFFERENCES in pressure create SHIFTING from areas of HIGH pressure to areas of LOW pressure |
| what do we call the rate at which air pressure changes between high and low pressure areas | pressure gradient |
| what type of local breeze often focuses near the ocean coastline at night | land BREEZES often form near the ocean COASTLINE at night |
| What wind system influences most of the weather in the United States | prevailing westerlies |
| How would you classify fluffy high-level clouds | Cirrocumulus |
| Pressure gradient | Is the rate the air pressure changes with distance |
| (True or False) The Coriolis effect has little influence on the vertically descending air in the horse latitudes | True |
| what are the physical states in which water can exist in the atmosphere? Give an example of how we can sense each state | a. Water b. Liquid c. Solid Water vapor is invisible but we can sense it when relative HUMIDITY is high. We can see and feel the various forms of LIQUID and SOLID water as CLOUDS or precipitations |
| what term refers to the temperature at which the relative humidity is 100% | dew point |
| Name and briefly describe the three categories of cloud shapes | a. Stratus-flat layers B. Cumulus-clumps or piles C. Cirrus-wispy curls |
| (True or False) Dew will form when nighttime temperature drops to 5C (21F), at which temperature the relative humidity is 84% | False |
| Dew point | The temperature of a parcel of air at which the relative humidity is 100% |
| Cloud | Is a mass of extremely tiny liquid water droplets or ice crystals in the air |
Created by:
Emmalyn Cruse
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