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G5 - Food Webs
Energy and Matter Transfer through Ecosystems
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Where does the energy in most food chains originally come from? | The Sun (captured by plants through photosynthesis) |
| How can you trace the food of most animals back to plants? | Through food chains/webs—animals eat plants or animals that ate plants |
| What role do producers play in an ecosystem? | They convert sunlight into chemical energy (food) |
| What is the role of consumers in a food web? | They obtain energy by eating plants or other animals |
| What do decomposers do in an ecosystem? | Break down dead organisms and recycle matter back to the soil |
| How does decomposition help plants grow? | It returns nutrients to the soil that plants use |
| How does matter move through an ecosystem? | It cycles between air, soil, water, and living organisms |
| What happens to matter when organisms die? | It is broken down and returned to the environment |
| Why can organisms only survive in certain environments? | Their needs (food, water, air, temperature) must be met |
| How can introducing a new species affect an ecosystem? | It can disrupt the balance and harm native species |
| Where do plants get most of the material for growth? | Air (carbon dioxide) and water |
| How is energy different from matter in ecosystems? | Energy flows one way; matter cycles |
| How do animals use the energy they get from food? | For movement, growth, repair, and maintaining body heat |
| What happens to energy as it moves through a food web? | It transfers from the Sun's light to producers, then to consumers, then to decomposers, losing some energy as heat at each step |
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