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BIology

cell division and stem cells

QuestionAnswer
What are two types of cell division? Mitosis and meiosis
What is shape of DNA? Double helix
What is mitosis and meiosis used for? Mitosis- growth and repair meiosis- reproduction
How is cancer caused? uncontrolled mitosis (cell division) where the cells continue to divide
Where does mitosis happen? normal body cells (e.g. skin)
what is produced during mitosis? 2 genetically identical daughter cells
Is there variation in mitosis cells? No
How many times do the cells divide in mitosis? once
Where can genetic information be found in the cell? nucleus
How many chromosomes are found in human body cells? 46 (23 pairs)
What type of chromosomes do males have? XY
what type of chromosomes do females have? XX
What are chromosomes made of? DNA
What is a section of DNA called? A gene
What does a gene do? Encodes one protien
Which cells are not produced by mitosis? sex cells
what are sex cells scientifically called? gametes
How many times do cells divide during meiosis? twice
How many daughter cells are produced during meiosis? 4
Are cells genetically similar in meiosis? no, they're different
What are stem cells? they are unspecialised cells
What are the two types of stem cells? Adult stem cells and embryonic cells
Where do embryonic stem cells come from? often come from embryos where the egg has been fertilised, the embryo's are usually 4-5 days old
Where do we normally get adult stem cells from? Bone marrow, blood vessels, muscle, skin, liver and brain
What are stem cells used for in the body? replace worn out cells, form any cell needed, replace damaged tissue
What are scientists hoping stem cells can be used for in the future? Personalised medicine, cystic fibrosis, Parkinson's disease
What is the argument for using embryonic stem cells? argument for abortion, murder in pro-life groups.
Created by: willum
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