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Homeostasis

Unit 6 - Vocab and Situations

QuestionAnswer
Homeostasis The body’s "happy place." It’s the process of keeping your internal environment steady (like temperature and sugar levels) even when the world outside changes.
Stimulus A change in the environment (like touching a hot stove or seeing a bright light) that causes your body to react.
Negative Feedback The body’s main way of staying in balance. If something goes too high (like body heat), your body triggers a process to bring it back down.
Positive Feedback A process where the body increases a change instead of stopping it (like blood clotting or contractions during birth) until a specific goal is reached.
Thermoregulation How your body maintains its "goldilocks" temperature
Glucose It is the primary "fuel" your cells use for energy.
Glycogen How your body stores extra glucose for later. Think of it as a "battery pack" stored in your liver and muscles.
Insulin A hormone that acts like a "key." It opens up your cells so glucose can get inside to be used for energy, which lowers your blood sugar.
Glucagon The opposite of insulin. When your blood sugar is too low, this hormone tells your liver to release stored glucose (glycogen) back into the blood.
Diabetes A condition where the body can't properly move glucose from the blood into the cells, leading to high blood sugar levels.
Clotting (Blood Clotting) The process where blood turns from a liquid to a gel to plug a wound and stop bleeding.
Cancer A disease where cells lose the ability to control their growth, dividing uncontrollably and forming tumors.
Your body heats up during a workout, so your brain triggers sweating. As moisture evaporates, your skin cools, and your temperature returns to $37^{\circ}C$. Once you're cool, the sweating stops to keep you stable. Positive or Negative Feedback? Negative Feedback
After eating, blood sugar spikes. The pancreas releases insulin, which moves sugar into cells for energy. This lowers blood glucose back to a healthy range, and insulin production slows down to prevent a crash. Positive or Negative Feedback? Negative Feedback
When a vessel is cut, platelets stick to the wound and release chemicals. These chemicals attract more platelets, which release more chemicals, creating a rapid "snowball effect" until a solid clot plugs the hole. Positive or Negative Feedback? Positive Feedback
During labor, a baby pushes on the cervix, signaling the brain to release oxytocin. This hormone causes a contraction, which pushes the baby harder, triggering even more oxytocin and stronger contractions until birth. Positive or Negative Feedback? Positive Feedback
When a piece of fruit begins to ripen, it releases a gas called ethylene. This gas signals nearby fruit to also begin ripening and releasing more ethylene. This causes the entire bunch to ripen very quickly. Positive or Negative Feedback? Positive Feedback
To survive in freshwater, a fish constantly pumps out diluted urine to stop its body from swelling with too much water. Once the internal water level is balanced, the pumping slows down to maintain stability. Positive or Negative Feedback? Negative Feedback
When a bird gets cold, it fluffs its feathers to trap heat and shivers to generate warmth. Once its body temperature returns to a safe "set point," the shivering stops to save energy and stay balanced. Positive or Negative Feedback? Negative Feedback
A scout bee find a new nest and performs a "waggle dance." The more bees that watch, the more they dance too, rapidly recruiting the entire hive to move at once until the whole colony has reached the new home. Positive or Negative Feedback? Positive Feedback
When one deer in a herd senses a predator and bolts, its movement triggers others to flee too. This creates a chain reaction where the entire group runs faster and faster until the "event" of escaping is over. Positive or Negative Feedback? Positive Feedback
Created by: krussofm
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