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Krebs Cycle Steps
For each molecule, describe what happens to it during Krebs Cycle
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Pyruvic Acid | Enters the Krebs Cycle. Loses it's Carboxyl group by donating a H+ to NAD+ and releasing CO2. A CoA group is added to the remaining Acetyl group forming Acetyl~CoA (2C). |
| Acetyl~CoA (2C) | The unstable CoA bond is broken - the Acetyle group joins Oxaloacetic acid (4C) to form one 6C compound: Citric Acid |
| Citric Acid (6C) | Citric Acid is converted to its isomer: Isocitric Acid by the removal and then addition of a H2O molecule. |
| Isocitric Acid (6C) | A Carboxyl group is lost by the release of CO2 and the reduction of NAD+ to NADH. a-Ketoglutaric acid remains (5C) |
| a-Ketoglutaric Acid (5C) | A H+ is donated to NAD+ and a CO2 is released. An unstable CoA bond is added making Succynyl~CoA (4C) |
| Succynyl~CoA (4C) | CoA is replaced by a Phosphate group which is then transferred to GDP+ and ultimately to ATP. The 4 Carbon Succinic Acid remains. |
| Succinic Acid (4C) | 2 H+ are transferred to FAD to form FAD2. Fumaric acid remains (4C). |
| Fumaric Acid (4C) | A H2O molecule is added, bonds are rearranged to form Malic Acid (4C) |
| Malic Acid (4C) | NAD+ is reduced to NADH leaving Oxaloacetic Acid (4C) |
| Oxaloacetic Acid (4C) | joins the Acetyl group of Acetyle~CoA while the CoA is lost forming Citric Acid. |
| How many ATPs are invested during Krebs Cycle? | None |
| How many NADH are produced per original molecule of glucose? | 6 |
| How many FADH2 are produced per glucose? | 2 |
| How many turns of the Krebs Cycle occur for every glucose that went through glycolysis? | 2 |