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Endocrine System

QuestionAnswer
What is the general name for a cell that is capable of receiving signals through its receptors? See Section 38.1 (Page) . target cell
Which of the following is an example of paracrine communication? See Section 38.1 (Page) . release of interferon from a virus-infected cell protects neighboring cells from viral infection
What type of communication is involved when a nerve cell releases a neurotransmitter that diffuses across a tiny gap and binds to receptors on an adjacent cell? See Section 38.1 (Page) . synaptic
Prostaglandins are involved in inflammation and pain sensations. How could drugs, such as aspirin, acetaminophen, and ibuprofen, provide relief from these symptoms? See Section 38.1 (Page) . by blocking enzymes that synthesize prostaglandins
Serotonin diffuses across a synapse to its target cell. Thus, serotonin is an example of what type of chemical messenger? See Section 38.1 (Page) . neurotransmitter
Assume that your biology professor invites you to work in his laboratory over the summer. One of your first projects is to determine the reason for specificity of the hormone oxytocin in rabbits. uterine muscle contains receptors for oxytocin, whereas skeletal muscle does not
How does the steroid hormone-receptor complex exert its effect on a cell? See Section 38.2 (Page) . it binds to genes and stimulates transcription of messenger RNA
Why is it that peptide and amino acid hormones bind to receptors on the surfaces of cells but NOT receptors within cells? See Section 38.2 (Page) . protein and amino acid hormones are not lipid soluble, so they are unable to diffuse through the phospholipid bilayer of the plasma membrane
Why are some molecules, such as cyclic AMP, called second messengers? See Section 38.2 (Page) . they transfer a signal from the first messenger, the hormone, to other molecules within the cell
The kidneys detect low blood oxygen levels and respond by releasing the hormone erythropoietin, which stimulates the bone marrow to make more red blood cells. As a result, the number of red blood cells increases negative feedback
Which of these glands secretes releasing hormones? hypothalamus
Which of these hormones are responsible for the "fight or flight" response to danger? epinephrine and norepinephrine
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) triggers the release of _____ in response to stress. glucocorticoids
_____ are the main male hormones. Androgens
What hormone promotes water retention by the kidneys? antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Which hormone opposes the action of parathyroid hormone? calcitonin
When blood glucose levels are high The pancreas releases insulin.
A liver cell responds to insulin by Taking in glucose and converting it to glycogen.
What cells in the body respond to glucagon by breaking down glycogen and releasing glucose? Liver cells.
Body cells that respond to insulin include Liver cells, as well as most other cells of the body.
When blood glucose levels are low The pancreas releases glucagon, which eventually causes blood glucose levels to increase.
Which of the following hormones is a major player in the regulation of appetite? See Section 38.3 (Page) . leptin
The hypothalamus produces a variety of hormones, yet they are all chemically classified as __________. See Section 38.3 (Page) . peptides
What has been the value of genetically engineering bacterial cells to produce human growth hormone? See Section 38.3 (Page) . children with underactive pituitary glands can achieve normal height with recombinant growth hormone
Islet cells from a donor are injected into a patient with diabetes. If successful, the donor islet cells would release insulin into the bloodstream to regulate blood glucose levels. in type 2 diabetes, insulin is still produced, but the target cells do not respond
Perchlorate is a synthetic organic component of rocket fuel that contaminates much of our milk and produce, according to government test data. When perchlorate gets into your body it mimics iodine endocrine disruptor
Created by: user-2034873
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