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Biology
Classification and biodiversity flashcards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the five kingdoms of life? | .bacteria .Fungi .Animals .single cell organisms .Plants |
| What is the order of classification of kingdoms? | Kingdom, Phylum, Class, order, family, genus, species |
| What are the two key classes in plant species? | Flowering and non-flowering |
| What are the two key classes in animal species? | vertebrates and invertebrates (backbone) |
| What is the definition of species? | members of the the same species are able to reproduce and have fertile offspring. |
| Why do we need scientific names for each organism? | same name in every language so it causes no confusion |
| True or false: the first part of the scientific name is the genus and the second half is the species e.g. Giraffe camelopardalis | True |
| What is a morphological adaptation? | physical feature of an organism that helps it survive (e.g. colour of fur and eyes on front and side of head) |
| What is a behavioural adaptation? | The way an organism acts that helps it survive (e.g. hibernation) |
| What is the definition of an adaptation? | A feature of a plant or animal that helps it survive in its natural habitat |
| What do animals need to survive in their environment? | Food, water, space, warmth, oxygen, a mate |
| What is Interspecific competition? | competition between different species |
| What is intraspecific competition? | competition between members of the same species |
| How can the size of a population be affected in an environment? | Competition, Predators, disease, pollution |
| What is biodiversity? | The number of species in an area, together with the size of the populations of each species |
| What do we obtain from biodiversity? | Food, clean water, new medicines, industrial materials, clothing materials. |
| What are threats to biodiversity? | - habitat destruction - overhunting by humans -deforestation - pollution -competition from alien species - global climate change exploitation |
| How do nationals parks help protect biodiversity? | making sure species cannot be harmed/touched by human activity |
| How does the convention on International trade of endangered species (CITES) help protect biodiversity? | prevents selling of endangered species, or the body parts |
| How are captive breading programmes used to help protect biodiversity? | endangered species are bred in captivity programmes before being allowed back into the world |
| What is a legislation that helps protect biodiversity? | Fishing quotes on how big and how many fish fishermen can catch in places such as the North sea and England |
| What is an alien or invasive species? | A species not native to a location that causes harm to the environment |
| What are the advantages and disadvantages of chemical control (pesticides)? | Advantages- stop spread of disease, higher crop yield, better quality, no agricultural disasters Disadvantages- can pollute soil and water, cause chronic health to humans, very expensive, pests can develop resistance to it. |
| What are the advantages and disadvantages of biological control? | Advantages- natural predators can be better for the environment, cheaper in the some areas, pests cannot develop resistance Disadvantages- natural predator may need replacing if they escape/die, doesn't kill all pests, some reduction in quality/yield. |
| How does the Bracken plant deter grazers? | produce a potentially lethal cocktail of toxins to discourage grazers |
| How does pitcher plants capture and kill animals? | Animals are lured by nectar, they then slip into the water where they are then digested by enzymes |
| Why do grey squirrels threaten red squirrels in native areas? | They carry the squirrel pox virus that doesn't harm them but is deadly for red squirrels. They also have better ability to digest larger seeds such as acorns compared to red squirrels. |
| How do we use quadrats to measure number of a species? | placed in different areas of a larger area, count number of organisms in the area of the square quadrat, multiply by whole area to get an estimate. |
| How do we use capture/recapture method (HT)? | go to an area and capture and count the number of organisms in this area, mark them in a safe way and return either the next day or in a week to see how the population has changed in the area. |
Created by:
willum
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