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Substance Abuse
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Collection of physiological symptoms occuring after one stops using a substance that they have become addicted or physically dependent upon. The symptoms are usually opposite of waht the substance abused caused. | Abstinence syndrome |
| the person is awake, but is not aware; causes gaps in memory. | Blackouts |
| occurs when a person's physiological reaction to a drug decreases with repeated administration of the same dose | tolerance |
| more serious symptoms which are less common, occur after early symptoms & last at least 10 days. Symptoms include severe disorientation, psychoitc symptoms, severe hypertension, cardiac dysrhythmias, and delirium; may progress to death. | delirium tremens (DT) |
| rare;occurs about 12 to 24 hrs after drinking stops, involve auditory hallucinations,commonly accusatory or threatening voices. Different from delirium tremens b/c it develops n resolves rapidly a limited set of hallucinations, no other physical symptoms. | alcoholic hallucinations |
| alcohol amnesia r/t thiamine deficiency | Wernicke-Karsakoff syndrome |
| individual has both a mental illness as well as a substance or process abuse | dual diagnosis or comorbidity |
| philtrum (area under the nose) is smooth | Fetal Alcohol Syndrome |
| What are alcohol and marijuana considered? | "gateway drugs" people who abuse substances usually begin their addictions with these drugs |
| What is the goal of alcohol abuse rehabilitation? | that they will NEVER drink alcohol again. |
| what is the most serious effect of intoxication due to alcohol? | coma and death |
| When does alcohol withdrawal begin? | 4-12 hours after last ingestion of alcohol; peaks at day 2 and is over in 5 days. |
| Blackouts, hand tremors, and sympathetic response of the body is caused by which type of withdrawal? | alcohol withdrawal |
| What is Rule of 100? | H/R above 100, diastolic B/P over 100, and temp is over 100 degrees F and is the most definate physical symptoms of alcohol withdrawal. |
| What withdrawal process is the only one that requires hospitalization and is covered by insurance? | alcohol withdrawal |
| Which drug would you use for detox of alcohol? | Benzodiazepine/Ativan because it has immediate relief with short term action |
| Which drug prevents metabolism of alcohol and causes the patient to become violently ill if taken with alcohol w/in 48 hours including mouth wash and cough syrups. | antabuse/disulfiram |
| What is detox protocol determined by? | American Society of Addictive Medicine and Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. |
| Valium, Ativan, and Xanax are Benzodiazepines and are called? | Downers (sedative, hypnotic, anxiolytic) |
| hypertension, tachycardia, hyperthermia, hand tremors, insomnia, anxiety, nausea, psychomotor agitation is withdrawal symtpoms associated with which drugs? | Benzodiazepines or "downers" |
| What are Amphetamine and cocaine considered? | "uppers" because they stimulate the CNS |
| What are some symptoms of stimulant intoxication? | euphoria, hyperactivity, talkativeness, anxiety, impaired judgment, hypertension, tachycardia, chest pain, diaphoresis, confusion. |
| What is a common symptom of stimulant withdrawal? | dysphoria "crashing" |
| what stays in blood stream for 5 weeks? | marijuana (cannabis) |
| decrease in intraocular pressure and bloodshot eyes are common isses with ______ intoxication. | Marijuana |
| Oxycontin, Demerol, and morphine are what type of drugs? | opiods |
| What are intoxication effects of opiods? | apathy, lethargy, agitation, constricted pupils, slurred speech, OD can result in death usually due from respiratory distress. |
| Cravings that last for weeks or months and rhinorrhea are symptoms associated with..? | opiod withdrawal |
| what drug helps with the cravings caused by opiod withdrawal? | Clonidine/Catapress |
| LSD and Esctacy are what kind of drug? | Hallucinogens |
| Visiual hallucinations, anxiety, depression, paranoia, feeling of losing mind, impulsivness related to what drug intoxication? | Hallucinogen intoxication |
| withdrawal of hallucinogens would produce what? | flashbacks lasting for months or years. |
| What age group primarily uses "huffing"? | preteen 8-12 |
| Intoxication of _________ causes dizziness, lack of coordination, anoxia (form of hypoxia which is decreased oxygen), respiratory depression, cardiac arrythmias, and death. | inhalants |
| What are the medical consequences of inhalant intoxication? | persistent dementia, psychosis, and mood disorder. |
| Which vitamin is responsible for alcohol metabolism? | B1 or thiamine |
| When a person has malnourishment from substance abuse, which level would you look at it? | albumin level-protein intake is poor |
| TRUE or FALSE: we would rather see a patient in denial but happy and able to function rather than sad and withdrawn. | FALSE: denial prevents true success of withdrawal. |
| How do we educate people regarding substance abuse? | it is a disease process, not a character flaw. |
| the theory that states if change occurs for 21 days it can be considered a habit | 21 day change theory |
| poor recovery outcomes are associated with what? | early age of onset, long periods of usage, co-existence of psychiatric disorder |
| What does it indicate when a nurse is consistently late for work, misses work, and makes excuses for missing work? | "impaired nurse" |
Created by:
SouthernBelle
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