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Unit 12
Unit 12: Body Systems
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cell | The smallest unit of life that can carry out all life processes |
| Tissue | A group of similar cells working together to perform a function |
| Organ | A structure made of different tissues working together |
| Organ System | A group of organs that work together to perform major functions |
| Organism | A complete living thing made of organ systems |
| Circulatory System | Transports blood, oxygen, and nutrients throughout the body |
| Heart | Organ that pumps blood |
| Blood Vessels | Tubes that carry blood throughout the body |
| Oxygen | Gas needed by cells for energy |
| Nutrients | Substances in food used for energy, growth, and repair |
| Respiratory System | Allows gas exchange of oxygen in and carbon dioxide out |
| Lungs | Organs where gas exchange happens |
| Inhale | To breathe in oxygen |
| Exhale | To breathe out carbon dioxide |
| Carbon Dioxide | A waste gas removed from the body |
| Skeletal System | Provides structure, support, and protection for the body |
| Bones | Hard structures that support the body |
| Joints | Places where bones meet |
| Cartilage | Flexible tissue that cushions joints |
| Marrow | Soft tissue inside bones that makes blood cells |
| Muscular System | Allows movement of the body |
| Muscle | Tissue that contracts to cause movement |
| Contract | To shorten and tighten |
| Voluntary Muscles | Muscles you can control like your arms and legs |
| Involuntary Muscles | Muscles you cannot control like your heart |
| Digestive System | Breaks down food into usable nutrients |
| Digestion | Process of breaking down food |
| Stomach | Organ that breaks down food using acids |
| Small Intestine | Absorbs nutrients from food |
| Large Intestine | Absorbs water and forms waste |
| Urinary System | Removes liquid waste from the body |
| Kidneys | Filter waste from the blood |
| Urine | Liquid waste product |
| Bladder | Stores urine before it leaves the body |
| Reproductive System | Produces offspring |
| Reproduction | Process of creating new organisms |
| Egg Cell | Female reproductive cell |
| Sperm Cell | Male reproductive cell |
| Integumentary System | Protects the body and includes skin hair and nails |
| Skin | The largest organ that protects the body |
| Pores | Small openings in the skin |
| Sweat | Helps regulate body temperature |
| Nervous System | Controls and coordinates body activities |
| Brain | Control center of the body |
| Spinal Cord | Sends messages between brain and body |
| Nerves | Carry signals throughout the body |
| Stimulus | A change that causes a response |
| Response | A reaction to a stimulus |
| Immune System | Defends the body against disease |
| Pathogen | A germ that causes disease |
| White Blood Cells | Cells that fight infection |
| Infection | When pathogens enter and multiply in the body |
| Endocrine System | Controls body processes using hormones |
| Hormones | Chemical messengers in the body |
| Glands | Organs that release hormones |
| Growth | Increase in size controlled by hormones |
Created by:
LMS 7 Sci
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