Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
68WM6 Phase II Ch42
Care of the Surgical Patient
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| when was anesthesia dicovered? | 1840's |
| 3 classifications of surgery | elective, urgent, emergent |
| surgery not necessary to preserve life and may be preformed when the patient chooses | elective surgery |
| surgery required to keep additional health problems from occuring | urgent surgery |
| surgery performed immediateley to save the individual's life or preserve the function of a body part | emergency surgery |
| what are the two ways that surgeries are also labled? | minor or major |
| an amputation or excision of any part of the body or removal of a growth or harmful substance | alation |
| therapy designed to relieve or reduce intensity or uncomfortable symptoms without cure | palliative |
| reasons that surgeries are preformed? | diagnostic studies, ablation, palliative, reconstructive, transplant, constructive |
| role of the nurse during preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative care | perioperative |
| before surgery | properative |
| during surgery | intraoperative |
| following surgery | postoperative |
| what is a nurse's major responsibility in surgical care? | consistent effective nursign intervention during each phase of surgery |
| what patient factors influence a surgical procedure? | age, physical condition, nutritional factors, psychosocial needs, socioeconomic/cultural needs, medications, education and experience |
| concurrent use of multiple medications | polypharmacy |
| how many medications do patients age 65 and older generally take? | 2-6 prescribed, 1-3 OTC |
| what does using multiple medications put a patient at risk for? | adverse drug reactions and interactions |
| what non prescription should we always ask about? | use of herbals and supplements |
| act like medications and may interact or potentiate other medications or interfere with surgical procedures | herbs |
| herbal commonly used for migrane prevention, but has anicoagulant factors, and should be d/c before surgery? | Feverfew |
| herbal taken for motion sickness, cough, menstrual cramps, intestinal gas, causes risk of prolonged clotting times, and should be d/c before surgery | Ginger |
| herbal that has antidepressant, antiviral, antiinflammatory action and should not be used with psych meds | St John's wart |
| herb that has sedative or tranquilizer effects, sleep aid, should not be used with sedatives or anxiolytics, may increase effects of CNS depressants | Valerian root |
| what types of allergies do we enquire about presurgery? | food, chemicals, pollen, antiseptics, latex, rubber |
| what has been shown to influence levels of anesthesia, pain meds and speed of recovery? | properative anxiety levels |
| what does smoking do to put surgical pt's at risk? | alveoli may be impaired and the pts lung capacity reduced. muccus and anesthesia by products may be trapped in the lung causing atelectasis and pneumonia |
| preoperative questions? | allergies, past surgeries, infection, disease hx, prescription drugs, otc drugs, record baseline vitals, height and weight |
| when is preoperative teaching preformed? | 1-2 days before surgery |
| how often will vital signs, tubes, and dressing be assessed post op? | every 15-30 min until the pt is awake and stable |
| what does preoperative preparation consist of? | age, physical, nutritional status, type of surgery, and preference of the surgeon |
| what labratory test are preformed prior to surgery? | depends on institution and physicians preference: urinalysis, CBC, blood chem, |
| what systems are evaluated pre op? | endocrine, hepatic, renal, cardiovascular, adn serum electrolytes |
| what essential electrolyte is monitored closley perioperativley? | potassium |
| why is potassium monitored? | if not avalailable in adequate amount, dysrhythmias can occur during anesthesia |
| what is used to identify disease process or prevent cardiac damage pre op? | chest roentgenogram, electrocardiogram |
| what tests verify hepatic functioning? | LDH, gamma GT, alkaline phosphate, total bilirubin, urine bilirubin |
| permission obtained from the patient to preform a specific test or procedure | informed consent |
| procedure in which a device is used at the bedside in regular intervals to encourage the patient to breathe deeply | insentive spirometer |
| resting tidal capacity | 500ml |
| tidal capacity | 4300ml |
| an accumulation of platlets, fibrin, clotting factors, and cellular elements of the blood attatched to the anterior wall of a vessel, sometiem occluding the lumen of the vessel | thrombus |
| dislodged thrombus that has potential to travel to the lungs, heart, or brain, where a vessel may be occluded | embolus |
| localized area of necrosis caused by a thrombus or embolus | infarct |
| cuts produced by a surgically sharp instrument to create an opening into an organ or body cavity | incision |
| means the absence of pain | anesthesia |
| results in an immobile, quiet pt who does not recall the surgical procedure | general anesthesia |
| stage that begins with the pt awak until they lose consciousness | Stage I anesthesia |
| stage that begins with the loc and ends with the onset of regular breathing and and loss of eyelid reflexes | Stage II anesthesia |
| stage that begins with the onset of regular breathing and ends with the cessation of respirations. aka operative or surgical phase | Stage III anesthesia |
| stage that begins with the cessation of respirations and must be avoided or cardiopulmonary resusitation mut occur | Stage IV anesthesia |
| phase in which anesthetics are administered to endotracheal intubation | induction phase |
| phase in which the pt is positioned, skin is prepped for incision, and the surgical procedure | maintenance phase |
| phase in which anesthetics are decreased, and the patient begins to awaken | emergence phase |
| results in the loss of sensation an the area of the body | regional anesthesia |
| local anesthetic is injected into a nerve, blocking the nerve supply to the operative site | nerve block |
| anesthesiologist performs a lumbar puncture and introduces local anesthetic into the csf of the subarachnoid space | spinal anesthesia |
| a safer procedure than spinal anesthesia, where the anesthetic is injected into the epidural space outside the dura mater and the depth of anesthesia is not as great as spinal anesthesia | epidural anesthesia |
| local anesthesia is injected via IV into an extremity below the level of the tourniquet after blood has been withdrawn | intravenous regional anesthesia (Bier block) |
| involves the loss of sensation at the desired site, inhibits nerve conduction until the drug diffuses into circulation | local anesthesia |
| administration of cns depressants or analgesia to relieve anxiety | conscious sedation |
| what must a patient undergoing conscious sedation maintain? | a patent airway, airway reflexes, and able to respond appropriatley to physical and verbal stimuli |
| an artificial replacement for a missing body part | prosthesis |
| holding area outside of the operating room | preanesthesia unit |
| protection against infection before, during and after surgery by the use of sterile technique | surgical asepsis |
| the removal of fluids from a body cavity, wound, or other source of discharge | drainage |
| all substance that have seeped from cells or blood vessels through small pore breaks in the cell membrane | exudate |
| the separation of a surgical incision or rupture of a wound closure | dehiscence |
| ill health, malnutrition, and wasting as a result of chronic disease | cachexia |
| protrusion of an internal organ through a wound or surgical incision | evisceration |
| an abnormal condition characterized by a collapsed lung | atalectasis |
| the way the pain is affecting the patient emotionally | suffering |
| how long does it take for bowel activity to return post op? | 3 to 4 days |
| normal peristalsis? | 5 to 30 gurgles per one minute |
| a decease in or absence of intestinal peristalsis that may occur after abdominal surgery, peritoneal trauma, and severe metabolic disease and other conditions | paralytic ileus |
| hiccup | singultus |
| an involuntary contraction of the diaphragm followed by a rapid closure of the glottis | hiccup |
| loss of potassium after tissue breakdown, especially after severe trauma or crush injury | catabolism |
Created by:
ahughes0919
Popular Nursing sets