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BIOL 121P

Topic 7 - Evolution and Natural Selection

QuestionAnswer
Theory an explanation for general observations that are supported by a wide body of evidence
Cell Theory all living things are made of cells, and cells come from other cells
Chromosome Theory of Inheritance genes are on chromosomes, which pass traits from parents to offspring
Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection helpful traits are passed down more often, causing species to change over time
Common Ancestry descent with modification
Species a distinct, identifiable type of organism
Evolution a change over time in the characteristics of a population
Population a group of individuals of the same species
Natural Selection explains how evolution occurs
Adaptation a trait that increases the fitness of an individual in an environment
Fitness the ability of an individual to produce offspring
Disruptive Effects removes intermediate phenotypes
Directional Effects when a factor causes change in a specific direction (increase or decrease) in a variable
Stabilizing Effects favors intermediate phenotypes
Directional Selection type of natural selection where one extreme trait is favored, causing the population's traits to shift in that direction over time
Gene segment of DNA
Allele different forms of the same gene
Allele Frequency the proportion of a specific allele in a population compared to all the alleles for that gene
Homologous Traits similar structures with the SAME evolutionary origin
Analogous Traits similar structures with DIFFERENT evolutionary origin
Convergent Evolution structures evolve from different original structures
Divergent Evolution evolve into diverse directions from a common point
Ontogeny the origination and development of an organism
Created by: user-1992551
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