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Science 7 Unit 7

Peas, Probability, and You; Patterns of Inheritance

DefinitionTerm
The passing of physical traits from parents to offspring through DNA Heredity
A characteristic that is determined by your genes Examples; Hair and eye color, height, dimples, freckles Trait
is the scientific study of heredity Genetics
When a plant with green peas was crossed with one with yellow peas, P1
All of the F1 offspring were yellow. When he crossed the F1 offspring, creating F2, F1
The resulting offspring were not all yellow. For every four offspring, three were yellow and one was green. F2
A factor that controls a trait (made DNA!) Gene- (Tt)
One section of a gene that represents a different form of a trait. Allele- (T or t)
Represents a characteristic that when present always show up (over powers) Dominant Allele
Represents a characteristic that hides when the dominant allele is present. You need TWO recessive alleles to show the recessive trait. Represented by a lower-case letter (t) Recessive Allele
an organism has two of the same alleles (homozygous) Purebred
organism has two different alleles (heterozygous) Hybrid
a number that describes how likely it is that an event will occur Probability
a chart that shows all possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross (sexual reproduction) Punnett Square
PHysical appearance or visible traits Phenotype (trait)
genetic makeup of ALLELE combinations Genotype (letters)
How many pairs of human chromosomes are there? 23
The pair of chromosomes carrying genes that determine whether an organism is biologically male or female Sex Chromosomes
What is the last pair of chromosomes? #23
XX female
XY male
ALL the chromosomes in an organism EXCEPT the sex chromosomes (pair 1-22) Autosomal Chromosomes
All the chromosomes an organism has Karyotype
XY (Human male) XX (human female) Sex chromosomes
Created by: user-1901406
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