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4.5 Solar System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Mercury | is closest to the sun and is a small, heavily cratered planet. Mercury looks like our moon. Mercury is the smallest planet in our solar system and its atmosphere is very thin. |
| Venus | is the second planet from the sun. Similar to Earth in size and mass, Venus has a permanent blanket of clouds that traps thermal energy which causes high surface temperatures. |
| Earth | is the third planet from the sun. Earth’s atmosphere, its liquid water, and its distance from the sun (among other factors) make Earth ideal for life. |
| Mars | is the fourth planet from the sun and is sometimes called the red planet. The atmosphere on Mars is thin. Mars has a vast network of canyons and riverbeds. Mars is roughly half the size of Earth. |
| Jupiter | is the fifth planet from the sun, the largest planet in the solar system (eleven times larger than Earth), and it is considered a gas giant. Jupiter has no solid surface. Its colored cloud patterns are caused by enormous storms in its atmosphere. |
| Saturn | is the sixth planet from the sun. Saturn’s atmosphere is similar to that of Jupiter. Saturn is almost ten times the size of Earth. |
| Uranus | is the seventh planet from the sun. Uranus is a gas giant and is unique in that it spins on its side. It has a large atmosphere and is a cold planet that is four times the size of Earth. |
| Neptune | a very cold planet, is eighth from the sun. Neptune appears blue because of its atmosphere. It is roughly four times the size of Earth. |
| Pluto | is no longer included in the list of planets in our solar system due to its small size and irregular orbit |
| Terrestrial Planets | rocky and have hard surfaces (Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars) |
| Gas Giant Planets | made of gasses and have no hard surface (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune) |
| Rotation | describes Earth spinning on its axis |
| Revolution | describes Earth orbiting around the sun |