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Science Assesment
Activity 1-6
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Infectious diseases are caused by microbes. What are three factors that cause non-infectious diseases? | Genes, environment and lifestyle |
| List three non-infectious diseases. | Brain cancer, asthma, diabetes |
| Identify a trade-off to Joe being tested for Marfan syndrome. | Cost of test, risk of losing insurance, risk of being seen differently, risk of not being able to play soccer |
| What is a gene and where are they located? | Instructions located in the nucleus of a cell |
| What is the difference between heredity and inherited. Give an example | Inherited: a trait that is passed from parent(s) to offspring Heredity: the passage of genetic information from one generation to the next |
| What pattern did you notice with the orange-tailed trait as it passes from Sky and Poppy to Ocean and Lucy? | Sky passed each a blue tail gene and Poppy passed each an orange tail gene. All offspring expressed an orange tail. This showed that the blue tail gene is dominant to the orange tail gene. |
| Explain why this pattern occurred with the critter breeding experiment. | When there is a heterozygous genotype the dominant gene will be expressed |
| What are the characteristics of sexual reproduction? | 2 parents Offspring look different than parent (unique dna) |
| What are characteristics of asexual reproduction? | 1 parent Off spring is dentical to parent |
| Give three examples of organisms that reproduce asexually. | Bacteria, strawberry plants, hydra |
| Give three examples of organisms that reproduce sexually. | Humans, dogs, cats |
| Explain why identical twins are much more similar than fraternal twins. | Identical twins share the same dna (same egg and sperm) |
| How much genetic material do sperm and egg cells have compared to normal body cells? | They each have half of the genetic material |
| What is an allele? | Allele: a variant, or version, of a gene |
| Explain why we used a coin-tossing model to show genes are passed from parents to offspring. | 50/50 chance of which gene is passed same as 50/50 chance of which side of the coin would be facing up after tossedTT, Tt, tT, tt 4 possible outcomes, 3 of which are blue and 1 is orange |
| Explain why Ocean and Lucy in the 3rd generation had a 3:1 ratio of blue to orange tailed critters. (give the allele combinations using T (blue allele) t (orange allele). | -An organism has 2 copies of each gene -An organism produced by sexual reproduction gets one copy of each gene from each parent -Some traits are dominant to others |
| What are 3 rules for how genes are inherited? | Punnett Square: a diagram for showing the likelihood of each outcome of a breeding experiment |
| What is a punnett square? | Genotype: an individual’s pair of alleles for a specific gene or group of genes that determine a trait TT, Tt, tt Phenotype: an observable trait of an organism |
| What is the difference between a genotype and a phenotype? | Homozygous: an organism that has two identical alleles for a specific trait |
| What is a homozygous genotype? Give an example. | Heterozygous: an organism that has two different alleles for a specific trait |
| What is a heterozygous genotype? Give an example. | Aa |
| What goes in the missing square in the punnet square above? | |
| In seals, the gene for whisker length has two alleles. The dominant allele( L) codes for long whiskers and the recessive( l ) short allele codes for short whiskers. | |
| .What is the probability of producing offspring with short whiskers if one parent is heterozygous for their whiskers and the other parent has short whiskers. | 75%50% |
| What is the probability for Long whiskers in the offspring if both parents are Heterozygous dominant for their whisker length? | Grow fast Provide many seeds Have many traits with 2 options |
| Why did Gregor Mendel choose to study pea plants? | Grow fast Provide many seeds Have many traits with 2 options |
| Which trait is dominant in pod color? What evidence supports this? | Green When you cross a purebred green with a purebred yellow the result is dominant since they have one of each gene |
| If 2 green peas are bred together, what is the chance they would produce a yellow seed? | 25% |
Created by:
31oduromarfo
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