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DNA

DNA & Structure (Lesson 4, 1.2, Page 7)

TermDefinition
Polymer A long chain of units called Monomers
Polynucleotide A long chain of units called nucleotide
Nucleotide A chemical structure that consists of a phosphate group, deoxyribose, and a base
Phosphate group A phosphorus atom surrounded by oxygen atoms
Deoxyribose A sugar molecule that consists of 5 carbon atoms
Purines Adenine and Guanine which consist of 5 or 6 membered rings joined together
Pyrimidines Thymine and Cytosine which consist of only 6 membered rings
What are the 4 Different Nitrogenous bases Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine
Hydrogen Bonds When positive and negative charges attract one another & pull 2 bases together creating a hydrogen bond
What does it mean when a hydrogen atom is connected to a nitrogen atom? This means that the hydrogen atom will always have a partial positive charge
How many hydrogen bonds does Guanine and Cytosine have? 3 Hydrogen bonds (Guanine 2 + & 1 -) (Cytosine 1 + & 2 - )
How many hydrogen bonds does Thymine and Adenine have? 2 Hydrogen bonds
How do 2 Nucleotides bond together? An H from the top Nucleotide and and OH from the bottom Nucleotide bond to form water (H2O) and the two Nucleotides bond together
Are the two strands of a DNA molecule parallel? No, the two stands of a DNA molecule are antiparallel, they are aligned in opposite directions
Phosphate sugar backbone Like in a ladder, these are the vertical rails
Complementary base pair Like in a ladder, these are the horizontal steps
DNA is an abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid
Created by: Lily Ibrahim
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