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Bio Lab
Test 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| observation | collect data/info/facts |
| question | what is the cause/effect relationship |
| form hypothesis | based on your observation what you think will occur |
| test hypothesis | when you conduct your experiment |
| draw conclusion | accept/reject hypothesis |
| develop theory/law | when you come to a conclusion about something |
| controlled experiment | when only 1 variable is being affected in the experiment |
| control group (dependent) | group not receiving factor in question |
| experimental group (independent) | receives factor in question |
| liters | what does volume measure? |
| meters | what does length measure? |
| grams | what does mass measure? |
| kilo (+3), hecta (+2), deca (+1), deci (-1), centi (-2), milli (-3), micro (-6), nano (-9) | order of operations |
| pipette | measures volume |
| metric ruler | measures length |
| beaker | measures volume |
| triple beam balance | measures mass |
| graduated cylinder | measures volume |
| erlenmeyer flask | measures volume |
| meniscus | curved surface of a liquid |
| ocular | lens nearest the eye |
| body tube | keeps ocular and. objective lenses a proper distance from each other |
| nosepiece | permits interchange of low, medium, and high powers |
| pointer | found in ocular |
| arm | supports body tube and adjustment knobs |
| objectives | contain lenses of various power |
| coarse adjustment | change distance between slide and the objective to focus on image |
| fine adjustment | permits exact focusing |
| base | bears weight of microscope |
| stage | supports sides |
| stage clips | hold slide steady |
| iris diaphragm | regulates how much light will pass through |
| illuminator | provides light |
| field of view | circular area you see when you look through the microscope |
| depth of focus | how thick the part of a specimen is you clearly see without moving the focus |
| magnification of ocular lens x objective lens ex) low power is 10x10 | calculation of total magnification |
| work distance | space between objective sense and slide when in focus |
| light intensity | how bright the light below is |
| wet mount | a way to prepare a specimen. Adding drop of liquid to slide then put specimen in the liquid covering with cover slip |
| solution will change color. Benedict reagent | how to know if something is a sugar. Reagent? |
| iodine would turn blue or black. Iodine | how to know if something is a starch. Reagent? |
| a milky white cloudy layer appears. Ethanol | how to know if something is a lipid. Reagent? |
| solution will turn purple or lilac. Bluret | how to know if something is a protein. Reagent? |
| glucose | monomer of starch |
| glycerol and fatty acids | monomer of lipids |
| amino acids | monomer of proteins |
| dehydration synthesis | forming of a molecule through the removal of water |
| hydrolysis | breaking apart of molecules through the addition of water |
| polymer | large molecule made by the joining of monomers |
| monomer | small molecule that can join with others to make polymer |
| reducing sugar | sugar that can donate electrons |
| function of detergent | break down cell membranes and dissolve lipids (fats) |
| emulsion | mixture of a liquid that don't usually mix |
| emulsifier | helps liquids that don't usually mix come together |
| mitochondria | powerhouse of the cell, energy form of ATP |
| cytoplasm | protects and support organelles |
| golgi apparatus | packing and distribution center of cell for proteins |
| endoplasmic reticulum | network of tubes transporting materials inside the cell |
| smooth ER | creates fats and lipids |
| rough ER | creates proteins and has ribosomes, protein synthesis |
| cell membrane | regulates what enters and leaves the cell; contains lipids/proteins inside |
| nucleus | controls whole cell |
| vacuoles | store and transport materials |
| nuclear membrane | surrounds nucleus |
| nucleolus | found inside nucleus, makes ribosomes |
| cell wall, chloroplasts, large center vacuoles | What do plants have that animal cells don't? |
| lysosomes and centrioles | what do animal cells have that plants don't? |
| hypotonic | concentration is higher in cell causing water to flow inside cell |
| hypertonic | concentration is higher outside cell; water is drained from cell |
| isotonic | cell concentration is neutral |
| crenation | shrinking/shriveling of animal. cells when they're placed in hypertonic solution |
| hemolysis | bursting of cells; hypotonic solution |
| turgor pressure | pressure of the cell contents pushing against the cell wall |
| plasmolysis | cell membrane pulls away from cell wall in plant cell due to loss of water when placed in hypertonic solution |
| flaccid | plant not fully hydrated; becomes soft/limp but no full collapse |
| cytokinesis | division of cytoplasm |
| mitosis | process of cell division that produce 2 genetically identical daughter cells |
| meiosis | reduce chromosome in half to create gametes |
| enzymes | proteins that speed up rate of a chemical reaction |
| temperature affects enzyme activity | what does the experiment with milk and rennin show about temperature? |
| dominant trait | allele that masks effect of another allele |
| recessive trait | allele based by dominant allele |
| genotype | genetic makeup of a trait |
| phenotype | what is expressed genetically |
| homozygous | both alleles are the same (EE, ee) |
| heterozygous | alleles are different (Ee, Bb) |
| codominant | both alleles are expressed equally in the phenotype |
| P generation | original pair of organisms that are crossed in a genetic experiment |
| F1 generation | first generation of offspring from the P generation; shows dominant trait |
| F2 generation | offspring of F1; 3:1 ratio of dominant to recessive traits |
Created by:
auweb921
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