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geological time
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Relative age dating | using the fossil record to gauge the age of a past event |
| Molds and casts | a mold is a 3-d impression that can form when a buried organism decays and leaves behind a cavity. That cavity later fills with sediment and the “new” copy of the body is a cast. |
| Unconformities | it can take rocks several millions of years to be laid out. Faulting and folding make the rocks sideways/diagonal. Even igneous intrusions are unconformities. |
| What is the current scientifically accepted age of the Earth? | 4.54 billion years |
| What is paleontology? Why is this field of science important? | Paleontology is the scientific study of prehistoric life through the examination of fossils—remains or traces of organisms preserved in rock. It is crucial for understanding the history of Earth's biodiversity, evolutionary processes, past climates, and m |
| What is the difference between relative dating and absolute dating? | Relative dating establishes sequence, while absolute dating determines the precise age. |
| Law of Superposition: | the oldest layers are at the bottom and younger layers accumulate on top |
| Law of Cross-Cutting Relations: | the rock layer must exist before it can be broken or cut into by a later event |
| List five “disturbing forces” that may affect how a geologist determines the order (ages) of a rock sequence. | 1. Faulting 2. Igneous Intrusion 3. Folding 4. Tilting 5. Unconformities FIFTU (looks like fifth) |
| What is an unconformity? | It represents a significant "gap" or break in the geological record, where time—and often rock layers—are missing |
| what are the three types of unconformities discussed in this class. | 1. Angular Unconformity 2. Disconformity 3. Nonconformity |
| 1. Angular Unconformity | An angular unconformity occurs when horizontal sedimentary rock layers are deposited on top of older tilted or folded sedimentary rock layers. |
| 2. Disconformity | A disconformity is an unconformity where the sedimentary rock layers above and below the erosional surface are parallel. |
| 3. Nonconformity | A nonconformity is an unconformity that separates older, underlying igneous or metamorphic rocks from younger, overlying sedimentary rock layers. |
Created by:
reaganhn11
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