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Science Ch.14
chapter fourteen science study guide 3/6/26
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Give two reasons why the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch is a real problem | solid waves break down, and the chemicals released can poison the fish that humans and marine animals eat. This man made pollution adversely and unnecessarily affects the environment |
| What are three principle ways that the ocean moves | tides, currents, and waves |
| what is the main cause of twice daily tides around the world | the moon’s gravity acting on the earth and its oceans |
| what are higher than usual tides that form when the sun and moon’s gravitational pulls work together | Spring tides |
| Discuss one advantage and one disadvantage of using tides to generate electricity | One advantage is that they are renewable. One disadvantage is that they can only operate in a few areas of the world. |
| (true or false) all coastlines experience a high and a low tide a little more than twelve hours apart | false |
| What two main factors control the speed and direction of the major ocean surface currents | a. Prevailing winds B. Coriolis effect |
| what do oceanographers call the great circling ocean currents | gyres |
| what is upwelling and why is it important | Upwelling happens when deep water is forced upward from the ocean bottom. It is important because this nutrient rich water supplies minerals and that provides for for the world’s greatest fisheries |
| Why are downwelling currents important to marine life in the abyssal zone of the ocean basins | downwelling currents carry oxygen from the ocean’s surface into the deep regions of the ocean basins, something that deep ocean life needs to live. |
| Name three conditions that allow gravity to produce subsurface currents | a. Temperature b. Salinity c. Sea level |
| (true or false) water enters the Mediterranean Sea as a surface current and leaves that basin as a bottom density current | true |
| how does mechanical energy move along the surface of the ocean | waves |
| the energy of a wave is related to what wave property | it’s height |
| what causes most surface waves? What other kinds of things could cause a large surface waves? | 1. Winds 2. Icebergs breaking off, debris slides, earthquakes, meteorites |
| what two kinds of currents can occur as ocean waves come ashore | a. Longshore currents B. Rip currents |
| (true or false) according to the 1/7 wave-steepness rule, a wave with a wavelength of 25m and a wave height of 3m is stable | true |
| what conditions within the ocean allows the formation of internal waves | internal waves can form between two layers of seawater with significantly different densities |
| (true or false) ocean tidal bulges are actually waves with extremely long wavelengths | true |
| (true or false) deep-sea currents are usually in the opposite direction from surface currents | false |
| (true or false) the amount of energy in an ocean wave is directly related to the length and speed of the wave | false |
| upwelling | the movement of dense, cold, salty water from the abyssal regions to the surface |
| Downwelling | Happens where the sea level is higher than average as surface currents cause the ocean to pile up |
| wavelength | the distance between the same point on two side-by-side wave forms |
| wave base | is the deepest depth below the ocean’s surface that is affected by the wave’s passage |
Created by:
Emmalyn Cruse
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