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Body System
Body System/Metabolism Unit Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Metabolism | Body's use of molecules for energy and growth |
| Glucose | A molecule that organisms can use to release energy, and that is made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms |
| Oxygen | A molecule that organisms get from the air or water around them and used to release energy |
| Amino Acids | Molecules that are the building blocks of proteins |
| System | A set of interacting parts forming a complex whole |
| Digestive system | The body system that takes in food and breaks it down |
| Respiratory System | The body system that takes in oxygen and releases carbon dioxide. |
| Circulatory System | The system that transports molecules to and from all cells of the body |
| Energy | Ability to make things move or change |
| Protein | A category of large molecules that perform important functions inside living things |
| Starch | A type of energy storage molecule made of many glucose molecules connected together. |
| Tissue | A group of cells that work together to perform a specific job |
| Heart | Muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body |
| Arteries | blood vessels that return oxygen poor blood back to the heart |
| Capillaries | Tiny blood vessels where the exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients and waste occurs between the blood and the cells. |
| Circulation | Movement of blood through the heart and blood vessels, delivering oxygen & nutrients to the body, and removing waste products |
| Lungs | main organ of the respiratory system where gas exchange occurs |
| Diaphragm | Muscular structure that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity and plays a key role in breathing |
| Alveoli | Tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place |
| Ingestion | process of taking food into the body |
| Digestion | process of breaking food down into its smaller parts |
| Respiration | Process by which oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide is released by an organism |
| Excretion | To remove waste |
| Homeostasis | The body’s ability to maintain a stable internal environment, even when external conditions change |
| Voluntary | you need to decide on the action (think it) before it happens, done by choice |
| Involuntary | Happens without you thinking about doing it, occurs automatically |
| Smooth Muscle | Type of muscle found in internal organs that operates involuntary (you don’t have to think about it, it just happens) Example: the muscle that makes up the esophagus |
| Cardiac Muscle | Type of muscle tissue that makes up the heart and operates involuntary (you don’t have to think about it for it to happen) |
| Cellular Respiration | The chemical reaction between oxygen and glucose that releases energy into cells |
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