Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
exam study
biological molecules
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Water is a compound composed of what? | Water is a compound composed of 2 hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom. |
| Why is water considered to be a polar molecule? | Water is considered to be a polar molecule based on the bonds found between the hydrogen and oxygen. |
| What percentage of water are infants | Infants: about 75% water, which decreases with age (mostly in the first 10 years of life but continues into old age) |
| What percentage of water are healthy adult males? | Healthy adult males: about 60% water |
| What percentage of water are healthy adult females | Healthy adult females: about 55 % water (and usually have more body fat than men) |
| What percentage of water can obese people have? | Obese people: can have as little as 45% water |
| What are hydrophilic molecules? | Polar molecules are called hydrophilic – interact with water |
| What are hydrophobic molecules | Non-polar molecules are called hydrophobic – fear water/struggle to interact with water |
| What are hydrogen bonds | Water molecules are attracted to other water molecules via bonds known as hydrogen bonds. |
| What is a solution? | A solution is a mixture of 2 or more substances; |
| What is a solute | The solute – a substance within the solution that is being dissolved |
| What is a solvent | The solvent – the substance within a solution doing the dissolving |
| What is an aqueous solution | Any solution which uses water as the solvent is considered to be an aqueous solution |
| What is dehydration synthesis | This process of linking together two subunits to form a polymer is called dehydration synthesis because this amounts to the removal of a molecule of water (H2O). |
| What is hydrolysis | This process is known as hydrolysis. A hydrolysis reaction uses water to "lyse or break" covalent bonds to break a polymer down into smaller subunits (monomers). |
| What are proteins? | Proteins are complex macromolecules that are polymers of many individual subunits called amino acids. |
| What is a peptide bond | The covalent bond linking two amino acids together is called a peptide bond. |
| What are the four general levels of protein structure | There are four general levels to protein structure. Primary 2. Secondary 3. Tertiary 4. Quaternary |
| What happens when a protein denatures | A denatured protein is inactive. |
| What are enzymes? | Enzymes are globular proteins that have a special 3-D shape that fits precisely with another chemical. |
| What are the two types of nucleic acid | There are two types of nucleic acid. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) Ribonucleic acid (RNA) |
| What are nucleotides | DNA and RNA consist of monomers called nucleotides. |
| What makes up a nucleotide | Each nucleotide has three parts. Five-carbon sugar (ribose - RNA or deoxyribose - DNA) Phosphate Nitrogenous base |
| What are the DNA base pairs | Adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T). Cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G). |
| What is a carbohydrate | A carbohydrate is any molecule that contains the elements C, H, and O in a 1:2:1 ratio. |
| What are monosaccharides | Monosaccharides consist of only one monomer subunit. |
| What are disaccharides | Disaccharides consist of two monosaccharides. |
| What is lactose intolerance? | It is most commonly caused by a deficiency in the production of the enzyme lactase. It causes bloating and diarrhea. |
| What are complex carbohydrates? | Complex carbohydrates are long polymer chains, also called polysaccharides. |
| What are essential fatty acids | Omega-3, omega-6, and omega 9 fatty acids are polyunsaturated. They are essential fatty acids because we must get them from our diet |
| What is cholesterol | Cholesterol is also found within the cell membrane as a stabilizer |
| What are phospholipids? | They are the primary fats found in cell membranes, along with some cholesterol. |
Created by:
oliviavanwort
Popular Biology sets