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dna and rna

TermDefinition
central dogma of molecular biology
Chargaff’s rules observations by Erwin Chargaff that concentrations of the four nucleotide bases differ among species; and that, within a species, the concentrations of adenine and thymine are always about the same and the concentrations of cytosine and guanine are alwa
messenger RNA (mRNA) type of RNA that copies genetic instructions from DNA in the nucleus and carries them to the cytoplasm
ribosomal RNA (rRNA) ribosomal RNA
transfer RNA (tRNA) type of RNA that brings amino acids to ribosomes where they are joined together to form proteins
codon group of three nitrogen bases in nucleic acids that makes up a code “word” of the genetic code and stands for an amino acid, start, or stop
genetic code universal code of three-base codons that encodes the genetic instructions for the amino acid sequence of proteins
promoter region of a gene where a RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription of the gene
protein synthesis process in which cells make proteins that includes transcription of DNA and translation of mRNA
transcription process in which genetic instructions in DNA are copied to form a complementary strand of mRNA
translation process in which genetic instructions in mRNA are “read” to synthesize a protein
chromosomal alteration
frameshift mutation
genetic disorder
germline mutation
mutagen
mutation
point mutation
somatic mutation
Created by: Cierraz
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