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Exam 1 Biology

QuestionAnswer
List correct order of operations for the scientific method. O.Q.H.E.A.D. observation, question, hypothesis, experiment, analyze results, draw conclusions.
property of water allows formation of hydrogen bonds between one molecule of water and another? polarity
What are the seven characteristics of living organisms? R.AE.O.EU.H.G.R Reproduce, adapt/evolve, order, energy usage, homeostasis, growth, respond to stimuli.
what is an isotope? chemical elements with the same number of protons/electrons but different neutron counts.
process called when water molecules bond to other water molecules? cohesion
What represent the protons/electrons of an element? The atomic number
What represents the sum of protons/electrons and nuetrons? The atomic mass
Ionic bond? transfer of electrons from a metal to a non-metal, forming charged ions that attract. EX: Na+ Cl-
Covalent bond? sharing of electrons between non-metal atoms, typically creating molecules with lower melting/boiling point. EX: H2O
name the bond that holds the macromolecule together. Proteins? peptide
name the bond that holds the macromolecule together. Carbohydrates? glycosidic
name the bond that holds the macromolecule together. Nucleic acids? phosphodiester
name the bond that holds the macromolecule together. Lipids? Ester
Name 3 structural differences between DNA and RNA. DNA is missing an oxygen in its molecular structure. DNA is double-stranded; RNA is single-stranded. DNA has thymine; RNA has uracil.
What are the nitrogenous bases that are part of DNA? adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine
Cholesterols, like high density and low density lipoproteins, fall under which of the four categories of biological macromolecules? Lipids
What type of reaction occurs when water is added, resulting in breaking a larger molecule into a smaller molecule? Hydrolysis (Also Catabolic)
What are the three different types of RNA molecules? mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA
What are the functions of the three different types of RNA molecules? mRNA - carries transcribed codons for protein synthesis. rRNA - synthesize ribososmes tRNA - transfer amino acids during protein synthesis.
Molecules that are charged can also be called _________, while molecules that are uncharged can also be called ____________. polar (or hydrophilic) ; nonpolar (hydrophobic)
Are nucleic acids polar or nonpolar? Polar! Charged phosphate group in the nucleotide.
A __________ is the sequence of three nitrogenous bases that result in a specific amino acid. codon
True or False: The third position in a codon is the most important position for determining what the amino acid will be False – this is the “Wobble Position” that can often vary and still result in the same AA.
Proteins are considered fully-functional peptides at which of the four structural levels? tertiary
Which of the following nitrogenous bases are purines? Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine, Uracil Adenine, guanine
Created by: amy.still
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