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Biological Membranes

Based on BIO 150 Chapter 7 Power Point

QuestionAnswer
What are the Five Major Functions of Biological Membranes (1) Regulate passage of materials (selective permeability) (2) Surfaces for chemical reactions (3) Communication with other cells (4) Transmit signals (important for nervous and endocrine system) (5) Helps in energy transfer and storage
What is ATP? Adenosine Triphosphate, energy
Describe the cell membrane Composed of a phosopholipid layer; hydrophobic tails (lipids); hydrophillic heads (PO4); this results in a amphipathic molecule; amphipathic molecules are important for cell division
What is the fluid mosaic model? The current accepted theory of plasma membrane protein structure; proteins are embedded in the membrane and move about in a fluid manner
Are membranes fluid or solid? Explain. The plasma membrane is fluid in nature and allows for transitions. Fluidity allows for transport across the membrane.
What is considered fluidity "buffer" Cholesterol
What is Vesicle Formation? When membranes fuse to form vesicles.
What are the SEVEN functions of the membrane proteins? (1) anchoring (2) passive transport (3) active transport (4) Enzymatic activity (5) Signal transduction (6) Cell recognition (important in organ transport) (7) Intracellular junction
What type of materials can pass through the plasma membrane Small non polar (hydrophobic) molecules, and water
What type of materials can NOT pass through the plasma membrane? Ions (use other body functions to get in) Glucose and Amino Acids (have to use vesicles or transport proteins)
What are characteristics of Passive Transport (four points)? This type of cell transport (1) the cell expends NO energy (2) AKA diffusion (simple or facilitated diffusion) (3) Molecules will diffuse DOWN the concentration gradient (high cons to low cons) (4) Osmosis (diffusion of water)
What are characteristics of Active Transport (two points)? This type of cell transport (1) requires the cell to expend energy (ATP) (2) molecules move AGANIST the concentration gradient (lower to higher)
What type of solution do Animals prefer? Isotonic (no net water movement; regular)
What type of solution do plants prefer? Hypotonic (net water movement into cell; bloated)
What is a Hypertonic Solution When the net water movement is OUT of the cell (shrink)
Describe the steps of the Sodium Potassium Pump (1)3Na+ bond to trans/prot (2)PO4 group xfered from ATP to trans/prot (3)trans/prot has conformational change, releases 3Na+ out cell (4)2K+ bins to trans/prot (5)P is released 6)2K+ go into cell
What is the Electrochemical Gradient and why is it important? This is the unevenbalance of chanrge inside and outside the cell. This gives the membrane potential which is a charge. It is important in many biological processes such as muscle contraction and nerve functioning
What is an example of an Antiport Protein? Sodium potassium pump
What is exocytosis? When the cell expels wastes via vesicles
When is endocytosis? When the cell brings materials inside the cell via vesicles
Whats is Phagocytosis? A type of endocytosis "cell eating" normaly used to describe killing a harmful intruder by digestion
What is pinocytosis? A type of endocytosis "cell drinking"
Whay are Vesicles important? Due to their role in transport of items between cells and with in one cell.
Phrase I use to remember 7 functions of membrane proteins.. Always Party AT EAsy STreet, CRazy Insane dJ's A- Anchoring P- Passive AT- Active Transport EA- Enzymatic Activity ST- Signal Transduction CR- Cell Recognition I,J- Intracellular Junction
Created by: 100000386817304
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