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Tissues & Cell Types
Types of Tissues and Cells
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Tissues | Groups of cells working together |
| Epithelial Tissues | Form linings |
| Connectives Tissues | Connect, Support and Protect |
| Muscle Tissue | Contracts and produces movement |
| Nervous Tissue | Conducts electrochemical impulses important for communication |
| Avascular | without blood vessels (Epithelial Tissues) |
| Basement Tissue | Connective Tissue |
| Simple | One layer |
| Stratified | Two or more layers |
| Squamous | Flat |
| Cuboidal | Spherical |
| Columnar | Tall |
| Simple Squamous Epithelium | a single layer of flat cells |
| Stratified Squamous Epithelium | many layers of flat cells |
| Simple Cuboidal Epithelium | One layer of rounded or cube shaped cells |
| Simple Columnar Epithelium | Single layer of tall cells |
| Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium | one layer of taller and shorter cells |
| Matrix | non-living material secreted by Epithelial Cells |
| Areolar Connective Tissue | Made of an irregular arrangement of fibers with fibroblasts and other cells sprinkled within them |
| Fibroblasts | fiber-producing cells |
| Dense White Fibrous Connective Tissue | made of densely packed fibers, running mostly in the same direction, with fibroblasts wedged in between the fibers |
| Hyaline Cartilage | made of thick, tough collagen fibers "glued" and packed so densely that the matrix appears to be smooth |
| chondrocytes | mature cartilage-producing cells |
| lacunae | little holes or caves that contain chondocytes |
| Adipose Tissue | made of large rounded irregular cells that look empty but are really filled with a large fat valcuole |
| adipocytes | cells in Adipose Tissue |
| Muscle Tissue | is unique in its ability to contract and cause movement |
| contractile proteins | actin and myosin |
| Skeletal Muscle | typically attached to the skeleton for mostly voluntary movement |
| Striations | contractile proteins are packed so tightly into alternating patterns of light and dark that they take on the appearance of having cross types |
| Cardiac Muscle | has a branched appearance and dark areas of connection between cells |
| intercalated disks | A dense region at the junction of cellular units in cardiac muscle. |
| Smooth Muscle | involuntary muscle found in many internal organs |
| Neurons | conductive nervous tissue, highly branched with a large spherical area containing the nucleus |
| neuroglia | nonconductive supporting cells of the nervous system |
| What are the categories of tissues? | Epithelial, Muscle, Nervous, Connective |
| Organ | Structure with discrete boundried that is composed of two or more tissues |
| Histology | study of tissues and how they are arranged into organs |
| Tissue | a group of similar cells and cell products that arise from the same region of the embryo and work together to perform a specific purpose |
| Matrix | extra cellular material |
| longitudinal section | cut along the long section of the organ |
| transverse | tissue cut perpendicular to the length of the organ |
| oblique section | tissue cut at angle between cross and longitudinal section |
| smear | tissue is rubbed or spread across the slide |
| spread | cobwebby tissue is laid out on a slide (areolar tissue, more jelly like) |
| basal surface | surface of an epithelial cell that faces the basement membrane |
| apical surface | surface of an epithelial cell that faces away from the basement membrane |
| goblet cells | wineglass shaped mucus secreting cells in simple columnar or pseudostratified columnar epithelial cells, secretes mucus |
| Characteristics of Simple Squamous Epithelium | permits rapid diffusion or transport of substances, secretes serous fluid, single row of thin cells |
| Name some locations of Simple Squamous Epithelium | Alveoli, glomeruli, endothelium, and serosa |
| Characteristics of simple cuboidal epithelium | single layer of round cells, absorption and secretion, mucus production and movement |
| Name some locations of Simple Cuboidal Epithelium | Liver, thyroid, mammary and salivary glands, bronchioles and kidney tubules |
| Characteristics of Simple Columnar Epithelium | tall, narrow cells, oval nuclei in basal half of cell, brush border of microvilla, absorbtion and secretion |
| Name some locations of Simple Columnar Epithelium | lining of gastrointestinal tract, uterus, kidney and uterine tubes |
| Characteristics of Psuedostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium | looks multilayered (some not reaching the free surface but all touch the basement membrane, with cilia and goblet cells, secretes and propells mucus |
| Which epithelium is the most wide spread in the body | Stratified Squamous Epithelium |
| Nonkeratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium | does not have a surface of dead cells on tongue, oral mucosa, esophagus and vagina |
Created by:
nlkojak
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