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cellular metabolism

Biology cellular metabolism

QuestionAnswer
What is cellular respiration? “The oxidation of food to obtain energy is called cellular respiration.”
What is ATP? “ATP is the primary energy molecule in all cells.” It is the cell’s “energy currency.”
Where does glycolysis occur? In the cytoplasm.
What does glycolysis produce? 2 pyruvate, 2 ATP (net), and 2 NADH.
What is phosphorylation? “The process of adding a phosphate to ADP.”
What happens during pyruvate oxidation? Pyruvate → Acetyl‑CoA + CO₂ + NADH.
Where does the Krebs cycle occur? In the mitochondrial matrix.
What does each Acetyl‑CoA produce in the Krebs cycle? 3 NADH, 1 FADH₂, 1 ATP, 2 CO₂.
What is chemiosmosis? Movement of ions down their electrochemical gradient to make ATP.
What happens in anaerobic respiration in animals? Pyruvate accepts hydrogen from NADH → lactate.
What macromolecules can be used to make ATP? Polysaccharides, proteins, triglycerides, nucleic acids.
How many usable ATP come from one glucose? Approximately 36.
Which hormone converts glucose into fat for storage? Insulin.
Which vitamins are needed for ATP production? B1, B2, B3, B5, CoQ, omega‑3s, magnesium.
Created by: oliviavanwort
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