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BI220 E1 L10

lecture 10 slides

QuestionAnswer
nucleotide structure pentose sugar (deoxyribose in DNA, ribose in RNA), phosphate group (bonds 5' & 3' carbons), nitrogenous bases (AGCT/U)
nucleotides linked together through a _____ rxn to form ________ bond dehydration, phosphodiester
DNA is _____ charged because of ____________ negatively, phosphate charges in backbone
# of hbonds in A&T 2
# of hbonds in C&G 3
2 strands of DNA held together by ______ hbonds
2 strands are ________ complementary
5' TAGGCGCATT 3' complementary sequence 3' ATCCGCGTAA 5'
more stable DNA matchup C&G
RNA differences from DNA 1. ribose instead of deoxyribose 2. uracil instead of thymine 3. single strand vs double strand 4. rna smaller than dna 5. rna in cytoplasm, dna in nucleus
mRNA contains genetic info for amino acid sequence, used as template for transl
rRNA made in nucleolus & part of ribosome structure
tRNA transfers amino acids to ribosome during transl
amino acid parts amino group, carboxyl group, hydrogen atom, r group, central carbon
r group role defines amino acid & properties
nonpolar r group hydrophobic, lack o/n in structures, tryptophan
polar r group hydrophilic, contains n/o/s, involved in ionic, hbonds, disulfide bridges
primary structure peptide bond interactions between adjacent AAs. exclusively peptide bonds.
secondary structure amino & carboxyl group interactions. hbonds only. alpha helix = coiled. beta pleated sheet = flat folded structure
tertiary structure r group interactions. hbonds, van der walls interactions, disulfide bridges, ionic bonds (charged r groups).
quaternary structure r group interactions between 2+ polypeptide chains. protein-protein interactions. hbonds, van der waals, disulfide bridges, ionic bonds.
denaturation protein loses structure / function. pH, temp, ions
genetic code 3 letter combos of nucleotides (codons) = 64 possible
bio functions of proteins receptor, enzymatic, structural support, storage, transport, immune defense, motor, energy source, regulatory
Created by: knorrod
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