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Brightness of Stars

Science Study Stack

QuestionAnswer
What is the Sun? The Sun is a star, similar to the other stars we see in the night sky.
What is a star made of? A star is a giant sphere of hot gas that produces its own light.
Do all stars have the same size and brightness? No. Stars vary greatly in size and brightness. Some are much brighter, and some are much dimmer than the Sun.
What is apparent brightness? Apparent brightness is how bright a star looks from Earth.
What affects a star’s apparent brightness? Its actual brightness (luminosity) and its distance from Earth.
Why do closer stars appear brighter? Just like a nearby lamp looks brighter than one far away, stars closer to Earth appear brighter.
Why do most stars look small and faint? Because they are extremely far away from Earth.
Why does the Sun appear brighter than all other stars? Because it is the nearest star to Earth.
What is luminosity (absolute brightness)? Luminosity is the actual amount of light a star gives off.
What is the difference between luminosity and apparent brightness? Luminosity is the true brightness of a star, while apparent brightness is how bright it looks from Earth.
Can a dimmer star appear brighter than a brighter star? Yes, if the dimmer star is much closer to Earth.
Is the Sun the brightest star in the universe? No. It only appears brightest because it is closest to Earth.
What does a star’s color tell us? A star’s color is related to its surface temperature.
Which stars are hotter, blue or red? Blue stars are hotter than red stars.
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