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BIO 101 Questions
Chapters 1 and 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How are living things alike? | They have order, are sensitive and respond to the environment, reproduce, adapt, grow and develop, regulate, maintain homeostasis, and process energy |
| How do living things regulate? | Carry oxygen through the body, deliver nutrients, eliminate waste, and cool their bodies |
| How do living things maintain homeostasis? | Organisms keep conditions in their internal environment within "a range of normal" |
| What is the level of organization among living things? | Atom, molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ systems |
| What is the organization among organisms? | Organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere |
| How is biodiversity organized? | Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species |
| What are the three domains of biodiversity? | Bacteria, archaea, eukarya |
| What makes up a scientific name? | Taxonomy...naming and classifying species using binomial names (capital first letter, lowercase letters after that) |
| Why does taxonomy use Latin? | For stability, universality, and historical tradition |
| What are the steps of the scientific method? | Make an observation, ask a question, form a hypothesis, make a prediction, do an experiment, analyze the results, if hypothesis is supported, report the results |
| What is the downside of using a small sample size? | Potential for sample error |
| Why is science self-correcting? | Because of peer review |
| Why do electrons matter? | Atoms acquire, share, and donate electrons. |
| What determines whether atoms will interact with each other? | Whether an atom will interact with other atoms depends on how many electrons it has in the outer orbital or shell |
| What is the purpose of shell models? | Help us visualize how electrons populate atoms from the innermost shell outward. |
| What do concentric circles represent? | Successive energy levels |
| When is an atom most stable? | When an atom has no vacancies in the outermost shell |
| Is water polar or nonpolar? | Polar |
| What is the job of polar covalent bonds? | They give each molecule of water different charges in different regions |
| What does the polar nature of water do? | Invites lots of hydrogen bonding between water molecules |
| How does water stabilize temperature? | By resisting temperature changes |
| Why is water stability important? | For homeostasis, most molecules of life function within a certain temperature range. Because of hydrogen bonding, it takes more energy to raise the temperature of water compared to other liquids |
| Why is water an excellent solvent? | It easily dissolves salts, sugars. and other polar substances |
| How do water molecules dissolve ionic substances? | Surrounding the atoms and pulling them apart |
| What does all the hydrogen bonding in water cause? | Hydrogen molecules resist separating from each other |
| What pH does most biological processes occur? | pH7 |
| What are the monosaccharides? | Glucose, fructose, galactose, ribose |
| What are the disaccharides? | Lactose, maltose, sucrose |
| What are the types of lipids? | Fats, phospholipids, waxes, steroids |
| Why are animal fats (saturated) solid? | Because their saturated cells pack tightly together |
| Why are most vegetable oils unsaturated and are at room temperature? | Kinked tails do not pack tightly to unsaturated fats and their are increased levels of good cholesterol |
| What is the function of waxes? | Covers exposed surfaces of plants and protects and lubricates skin and hair (honeycombs) |
| What is the most common steroid in animal tissue? | Cholesterol |
| What do cells make thousands of different kinds of? | Protein from only 20 different amino acids |
| What does the primary protein structure do? | The chain of amino acids (polypeptide) |
| What does the secondary protein structure do? | Polypeptide chain twists into loops, sheets, and coils |
| What does the tertiary protein structure do? | Polypeptide chain packs further |
| What does the quaternary protein structure do? | Final 3-0 structure |
Created by:
ajpatton08
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