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AQA Bio Unit 2

Organisation

TermDefinition
Amylase An enzyme produced in the salivary glands and pancreas that breaks carbohydrates down into simple sugars.
Aorta The main artery that takes oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body.
Artery A blood vessel that carries blood at high pressure away from the heart.
Benign tumour An abnormal cell growth that is contained within one area and does not invade other areas of the body.
Bile A substance made in the liver and stored in the gallbladder which is used to neutralise stomach acid in the intestine and emulsify fats.
Blood contains red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and plasma.
Cancer A non-communicable disease caused by changes in the cell that lead to uncontrolled growth and division.
Capillary A very thin blood vessel that is used for exchange of substances.
Cell The basic building block of all living organisms.
Communicable disease A disease that can be spread between individuals either directly or indirectly.
Coronary heart disease A disease caused by the buildup of fatty deposits inside the coronary artery, narrowing it and reducing blood flow to the heart tissue.
Enzymes Biological catalysts that increase the rate of reactions in living organisms.
Health The state of physical and mental wellbeing.
Heart An organ that pumps blood around the body in a double circulatory system.
Lipase An enzyme that is produced in the pancreas that breaks lipids down into fatty acids and glycerol.
Lock and key hypothesis A theory that describes how substrates must be the correct shape to fit the active site of an enzyme.
Malignant tumour A cancerous cell growth that invades neighbouring tissues and can spread to different parts of the body in the blood.
Meristem tissue Plant tissues containing undifferentiated stem cells.
Metabolism All of the chemical reactions occurring in an organism.
Non-communicable disease A disease which cannot be spread between individuals.
Organs Aggregations of tissues performing specific functions.
Organ systems Groups of organs that work together to form organisms
Palisade mesophyll A tissue found in plant leaves that is specialised to carry out photosynthesis.
Phloem A transport tissue found in plants which is specialised to transport sugars from source to sink.
Protease An enzyme produced in the stomach and pancreas that breaks proteins down into amino acids.
Pulmonary artery The main artery that takes deoxygenated blood away from the heart to the lungs.
Pulmonary vein The main vein that takes oxygenated blood back to the heart from the lungs.
Rate of reaction The speed at which reactants are converted into products.
Risk factor Something that increases a person’s risk of developing a disease.
Spongy mesophyll A tissue found in plant leaves that is specialised for gas exchange.
Statins A class of drugs that are used to reduce blood cholesterol levels which slows down the rate of fatty material deposit.
Stent A tube that can be surgically implanted into blood vessels to keep them open.
Tissue A group of cells with a similar structure and function.
Translocation The movement of food molecules through the phloem tissue.
Transpiration The process of water evaporating from a plant.
Vein A blood vessel that carries blood at a low pressure back to the heart.
Vena cava The main vein that takes deoxygenated blood back to the heart from the body.
Xylem A transport tissue in plants which is specialised to transport water and dissolved minerals from the roots of the plant to the leaves.
Created by: Sprockles
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