Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Week 3
Mendelian inheritance
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Explain the biological significance of inheritance | Inheiritance is where genetic differences among individuals/passing of traits are passed from generation to generation. its important to maintain genetic stability but also genetic variation |
| What are the implications of inheiritance to the individual and to the evolution of the species? | Individual: traits + physical traits the organism will have, favorable traits will allow individual to survive better + reproduce more species: natural selection/evolution, accumulation of favorable traits suited to enviroment |
| What expirimental model did Mendel use + what were the advantages of the model? | He used pea plants becuase they were inexpensive, easy to grow, produced many seeds, had several polymorphic traits, + he could control which parents were involved in a mating |
| Describe examples of the characters + traits studied by Mendel | Seed shape, seed color, pod shape, pod color, flower color, flower + pod position, + stem length |
| What are examples of the true breeding plants that Mendel used + why was it important to start with true breeding plants? | Pea plants. It was important becuase true breeding = homozygus = traits were consistant and controlable and it let him see which traits were dominant or recessive |
| What methods did Mendel use to preform cross-pollination in pea plants? | Would cut off the male organs of the flower to prevent self pollination, then would manually fertilize the flowers using the specific plants that he wanted |
| What evidence did Mendel's expiriments provide to show that male + female plants contributed equally to offspring? | Traits are inheirited through paired alleles not by the gender of the specific parent |
| How is the "particulate" hypothesis supported + not the "blended" one by a comparison of phenotypes? | Traits did not blend as they were passed down. They act as discrete unchanging particles. |
| Can you always predict the ghenotype based on phenotype? | No. Becuase of dominant traits, you dont know if a genotype is heterozygous (AA) or homozygous (Aa) based on the phenotype |
| Define law of segregation | The 2 alleles of each gene pair must segregate. They seperate into differernt gamete cells during the formation of eggs and sperm in the parents |
| How did Mendel explain the re-emergence of white flowers in the F2 generation? | Law of segregation! The white flowers were a recessive trait, and the purple was dominant so white only had a chance to appear in the F2 generation, not the F1 one. |
| What is a testcross for? | A genetic test to determine the unknown genotype of an organism with a genotype (wether it's AA or Aa etc.) Crosses dominant genotype with a recessive genotype |
| Dominant vs. recessively inherited disorders | Dominant disorders will occur when only 1 allele is present from either parent, and resessive disorders require copies from both parents. Dominant typically appear in every generation and resessive will "skip" generations |
| Law of independent assortment | Alleles on non-homologous chromosomes assort independently during formation (alleles of one trait do not effect another) |
| Monohybrid vs. dihybrid inheritance (# of genes, # of chromosomes, # of alleles, ratios in the F2 generation) | Mono: 1 gene, 2 chromosomes, 2 alleles, 3:1 ratio Di: 2 genes, 4 chromosomes, 4 alleles, 9:3:3:1 ratio |
| Frequency of recombination meaning | the measure of distance between genes. If genes are closer together, crossing over is LESS likely, and if they are farther apart it is MORE likely. |
| Recombination formula | recombinant #/total # of organisms x 100 = _% |
| Linkage meaning | the tendancy of genes to be inherited together becuase they are on the same chromosome (a lack of independent assortment) |
| Multiplication vs. addition rule | addition is for exclusive events (OR events) and multiplication is for non exclusive (AND events) |
Created by:
every_august
Popular Biology sets