Anything that takes up space and has mass.

The tiniest particle of an element; the basic building block of matter.

Two or more atoms bonded together; the smallest part of a substance that keeps its chemical identity.

A material with the same composition and properties throughout (a pure material).

Two or more substances physically combined where each keeps its own properties.

An observable or measurable characteristic of matter (color, texture, smell, temperature, state).

A property you can detect with your senses or measure (e.g., color, smell, bubbling).

A change in shape, size, or state of matter that does not form new substances (e.g., melting, freezing, breaking).

A change where substances react to form new substances with different properties (signs: gas, color change, precipitate, temperature or light change).

A solid that forms and settles out of a liquid during a chemical reaction.

A homogeneous mixture where one substance (solute) is dissolved evenly in another (solvent).

The principle that mass stays the same before and after a change in a closed system (mass is neither created nor destroyed).

An experimental setup where matter cannot enter or leave, used to test conservation of mass.

The process of a liquid turning into a gas.

The process of a gas turning into a liquid.

All the water on Earth (oceans, lakes, rivers, groundwater, ice).

The layer of gases surrounding Earth (air).

The solid parts of Earth (rocks, soil, landforms).

All living things on Earth and the places they live.

A group of parts that work together (e.g., Earth’s systems: atmosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere, biosphere).

When two or more parts of a system affect one another (e.g., sun heats water → evaporation involves atmosphere and hydrosphere).

Observations or measurements used to support a scientific claim or explanation

A process where substances interact and form new substances (chemical reaction).

The form matter takes: solid, liquid, or gas.

putting together ideas from different sources in order to come to a new understanding.

water that has been used and now contains harmful substances

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The Earth System

Chapter 5

Question	Answer
Matter	Anything that takes up space and has mass.
Atom	The tiniest particle of an element; the basic building block of matter.
Molecule	Two or more atoms bonded together; the smallest part of a substance that keeps its chemical identity.
Substance	A material with the same composition and properties throughout (a pure material).
Mixture	Two or more substances physically combined where each keeps its own properties.
Property	An observable or measurable characteristic of matter (color, texture, smell, temperature, state).
Observable	A property you can detect with your senses or measure (e.g., color, smell, bubbling).
Physical Change	A change in shape, size, or state of matter that does not form new substances (e.g., melting, freezing, breaking).
Chemical Reaction	A change where substances react to form new substances with different properties (signs: gas, color change, precipitate, temperature or light change).
Precipitate	A solid that forms and settles out of a liquid during a chemical reaction.
Solution	A homogeneous mixture where one substance (solute) is dissolved evenly in another (solvent).
Conservation of Mass	The principle that mass stays the same before and after a change in a closed system (mass is neither created nor destroyed).
Closed System	An experimental setup where matter cannot enter or leave, used to test conservation of mass.
Evaporation	The process of a liquid turning into a gas.
Condensation	The process of a gas turning into a liquid.
Hydrosphere	All the water on Earth (oceans, lakes, rivers, groundwater, ice).
Atmosphere	The layer of gases surrounding Earth (air).
Geosphere	The solid parts of Earth (rocks, soil, landforms).
Biosphere	All living things on Earth and the places they live.
System	A group of parts that work together (e.g., Earth’s systems: atmosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere, biosphere).
Interaction	When two or more parts of a system affect one another (e.g., sun heats water → evaporation involves atmosphere and hydrosphere).
Evidence	Observations or measurements used to support a scientific claim or explanation
Reaction	A process where substances interact and form new substances (chemical reaction).
States of Matter	The form matter takes: solid, liquid, or gas.
Synthesizing	putting together ideas from different sources in order to come to a new understanding.
Wastewater	water that has been used and now contains harmful substances

Created by: user-1963819

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