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BIO 151: Atlas A

chapter1; organization of the human body

QuestionAnswer
what is anatomy? anatomy is the structure of the body and the relationships between body parts.
what is the Greek meaning of the word anatomy? the word anatomy comes from the Greek "anatome" "meaning to cut up"
what is Physiology? Physiology is the study of how the body and its part function.
physio- logy- nature or natural function the study of
what is gross anatomy? gross anatomy is the study of large, visible body structure that can be seen without a microscope.
what is pathophysiology? studies how diseases. Alter normal physiological function
what is Endocrinologist? Studies of hormones and endocrine glands
what is immunologist? studies of the immune system and immune responses.
what is Oncologist? studies and treats cancer.
explain and give examples of the " Body's Structural Hierarchy" 1. chemical level, ex (water, glucose) 2. Organelle level, ex (mitochondria, nucleus) 3. Cellular level, ex (neurons, muscles cells) 4.Tissue level, ex (epithelial tissue, muscle tissue) 5. organ level, ex (Heart, stomach) 6. Organ system level, ex (
what distinguish cells from their building blocks? Cells are the smallest units of life capable of carrying out all life functions.
explain and give examples of characteristics of life? 1. Metabolism- chemical reactions in the body. (Digesting food) 2. Responsiveness- reacting to stimuli (pulling hand from heat} 3. movement- motion of body parts (blood circulation) 4. growth- increase in size or number of cells 5. differentiation- ce
what is Homeostasis? Homeostasis is the body ability to maintain stable internal conditions, despite external changes.
explain the role of a feedback system and give an example. 1. A Receptor- detects change (thermoreceptor in skin} 2. Receptor signal- information sent to control center 3. control center- processes information (brain) 4. effector signal- commands sent to effector 5. effector- responds (sweat gland)
Negative feedback example of Body temperature regulation 1.Receptors detect high temperatures 2.Control center(hypothalamus) responds 3. effectors (sweat glands) cool down 4. system shuts down once normal temperature is restored
Positive feedback (childbirth) 1.Cervical stretch receptors activated 2. Brain releases oxytocin 3. Continues until birth occurs 4. stop when baby is delivered.
what is the different between signs and symptom? Signs- objective, observable (fever, rash) Symptom- Subjective, felt by patient (pain, nausea)
Describe the position of the body when it in an Anatomical position Standing upright, feet flat and forward, arms at side sides, palm facing forward, head and eyes facing forward
explain how the anatomical and functional position different anatomical- palms forward Fundamental- palms facing inward
why is the position important? Ensure consistent communication among healthcare professionals
what is the difference between the prone and supine position prone- lying face down supine- lying face up
Human organs system (functions) 1. Male reproductive- produces sperm and hormones 2. Female reproductive- produces eggs and supports pregnancy 3. nervous- control and communicates 4. Digestive- Breakdown food 5. Respiratory- gas exchange 6. Muscular- movement 7. endocrine- Hormo
Created by: user-2019820
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