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pops and evolution
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the hardy weinberg equation? | p^2+2pq+q^2 |
| What are the assumptions made by the hardy weinberg equation? | - no evolution occurs - allele frequencies remain constant - no mutations - no migration (gene flow) - large population size - no natural selection |
| What is allopatric speciation? | When speciation occurs due to a physical barrier resulting in geographical isolation |
| What is speciation? | When a population evolves to be distinct separate species due to genetic difference from sympatric or allopatric barriers |
| What is sympatric speciation? | When speciation occurs due to a biological barrier resulting in reproductive isolation |
| What is reproductive isolation? | A biological barrier that prevents members of a population from breeding and limits gene flow |
| What is geographical isolation? | physical separation of population by barriers (e.g. rivers) which prevent gene flow |
| What is stabilising selection? | A type of natural selection which favours average phenotypes and selects against the extremes. It reduces population diversity in stable environments |
| What is disruptive selection? | A type of natural selection which favours extreme phenotypes at both ends of the spectrum so increases variance |
| What is directional selection? | A type of natural selection which favours one range of extreme phenotypes due to selection pressures (either biotic or abiotic) |
Created by:
Ziggyisweird
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