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AP Gov. Unit 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| block grant | money granted by the federal government to the states for a broad purpose ( e.g., transportatin) rather than for a narrow purpose (e.g., school luch program) |
| categorical | grantmoney granted by the federal government to the states for a narrow purpose (e.g., school lunch program), rather than for a broad purpose (e.g., transportation) |
| federalist | those who favor greater national authority rather than state authority |
| checks and balances | system in which each branch of government can limit the power of the other two branches,e.g , presidential veto of a congressional law |
| commerce | clause give congress the power to regulate commerce among the states, with foreing notions, and among indian tribes. granted through article 1, section 8 of the constitution |
| concurrent powers | those held by congress and states, e.g., establishing law enforcement agencies |
| confederation | system in which sovereign states are only loosely tied to a centeral government, e.g., the US under the articles of confederation |
| anti-federalist | those who favor greater state authority rather than national authority |
| direct democracy | system in which the people rule themselves |
| evolutionary theory | startes with family which grows, creating need for organization. paternal domination |
| force theory | people forced together by a more powerful person or group. maintained power through violence |
| divine right theory | rules are chosen by god or descendants of god. to disobey ruler was to break the law and commit sin |
| social contract theory | people in a nation agree to give up rights in order to be protected by government |
| constitutional compromise | federalists versus antifederalists. house of representatives satisfied big states because it is based on population. senate satisfied small states because all states get the same number of representatives. |
| 3/5ths compromise | county slaves as 3/5 for taxation and representation |
| slave trade compromise | slaves that escaped to another state must be returned |
| commerce clause | interstate commerce regulated by federal government. intrastate commerce regulated by state government |
| autocracy | one leader |
| totalitarian dictatorship | autocracy. one leader. ex nazi germany |
| monarchy | king/gueen/emporer is absolute ruler |
| absolute monarchs | complete power. ex King of Saudi Arabia |
| constitutional monarchs | share power with legislature. ex Great Britain's Queen |
| Oligarchy | small group has all power. suppress political opposition. ex communist china |
| Direct democracy | people govern selves by voting. small societies. ex cantons of switzerland |
| representative democracy | people elect representatives and give them power. ex USA |
| Supremacy clause | Art. VI. Constitution, federal laws, and treaties are supreme law of land |
| 10th amendment | powers not given to federal by constitution and not prohibited to the states are given to states |
| Dual federalism | sovereign "layers" within spheres. federal government=strict enumeration of powers. states are much more powerful (10th am) |
| Cooperative federalism | rejects seperate spheres with substantial overlap. powers fragmented through all levels of government. feds and states have to work together to implement policy |
| Separation of powers | Constitutional division of powers among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches, with the legislative branch making law, the executive applying and enforcing the law, and the judiciary interpreting the law. |
| Checks and balances | Constitutional grant of powers that enables each of the three branches of government to check some acts of the others and therefore ensure that no branch can dominate |
| why was american revolution unique? | based on ideas like liberty rather than financial or social gain |
| natural or unalienable rights | life, liberty, property/pursuit of happiness |
| national government's limitations under Articles of Confederation | one vote in Congress per state. small army. all states must agree to make amendments |
| articles of the confederation | A constitution drafted by the newly independent states in 1777 and ratified in 1781. It created a weak national government that could not levy taxes or regulate commerce. In 1789 it was replaced by our current constitution |
| authors of federalist papers | Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, John Jay |
| Shay's rebellion | farmers who feared losing property b/c taxes. stopped Massachussetts courts from "sitting" |
| Effect of Shay's rebellion | Mass. Gov. asked Continental Congress for soldiers but no $ or men. no state militia. hired volunterr army. **spurred delegates to attend Philadelphia conventions because concern that state governments were going to collapse |
Created by:
jumpthemoon
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