Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Molecular Technology
Karyotypes, Genetic Engineering, and Evidence
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does a karyotype show you? | A picture of your chromosomes, 23 pairs, 46 total chromosomes. |
| What are the first 22 chromosomes called? | Autosomes |
| What are the sex chromosomes for a female? | XX |
| What are the sex chromosomes for a male? | XY |
| Where do you look for sex chromosomes on a karyotype? | 23rd pair |
| Define nondisjunction | When a chromosome fails to separate during anaphase. |
| What are the two types of nondisjunction? | Trisomy and monosomy |
| What does a karyotype look like for Down's syndrome? | Extra chromosome, Trisomy 21. |
| What does a karyotype look like for Klinefelter's syndrome? | An extra X in a male; XXY. |
| What does a karyotype look like for Turner's syndrome? | X only, 45 chromosomes, Monosomy |
| What does a karyotype look like for Jacob's syndrome? | Extra Y, XYY. |
| Define genetic engineering. | DNA manipulation that alters an organism's DNA. |
| What are possible problems with genetic engineering? | Health risks and environmental risks. |
| How are we able to manipulate DNA in different species? | By using CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing. |
| How similar is human DNA? | Humans share 99.9% of DNA with each other. |
| Name two ways genetic engineering can be applied. | GMOs and medicine. |
| What is Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)? | A technique that makes copies of a specific DNA segment. |
| What is gel electrophoresis? | A method that separates DNA fragments by size using electricity. |
| What are three examples of how gel electrophoresis is used? | 1. Crime investigations, 2. Paternity tests, 3. Identifying genetic diseases. |
| What is gene therapy? | Treating disease by changing DNA to replace or fix genes. |
| What is CRISPR? | A gene editing tool that cuts DNA precisely |
| Explain cloning. | Making a genetically identical copy of an organism. |
| What is needed for cloning? | A somatic body cell and an egg cell (nucleus). |
| What are restriction enzymes? | They cut DNA at specific sequences. |
| What is evolution? | Change in characteristics of a species over many generations. |
| What do fossil records show? | Fossils found in different layers of rocks formed at different times. |
| What does biogeography suggest? | Organisms in similar environments look alike, indicating common ancestry. |
| What does embryology suggest about evolution? | Early stages of embryos of animals are very similar. |
| What do molecular homologies indicate? | Similarities and differences in DNA sequences show common ancestry. |
| What do anatomical homologies suggest? | Different functions but similar bone structures indicate common ancestry. |
| What do all five pieces of evidence suggest? | We came from a common ancestor. |
| What is a vestigial structure? | A structure that no longer has a function, e.g., appendix, wisdom teeth. |
| What are analogous structures? | Structures with the same function but different structures and no common ancestry. |
| What is gradualism in evolution? | Slow, steady change in species. |
| What is punctuated equilibrium in evolution? | Long periods of little change followed by rapid change. |
Created by:
user-2019136
Popular Biology sets