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Periodic table
Periodic table - Physical Science
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Periodic Table | table where elements are organized by increasing atomic NUMBER |
| Dmitri Mendeleev | organized the FIRST periodic table based on atomic mass (some where still out of place) |
| Henry G. J. Mosely | arranged the elements based on atomic NUMBER (table used today) |
| Groups | vertical columns (1-18); elements have similar properties; same valence electrons; sometimes called families |
| Periods | horizontal rows (1-7) |
| Lewis Dot Structures | use elements symbols and dots to represent the number of valence electrons |
| Metals | good conductors of heat and electricity; on left side of the stair step |
| Metalloids | Elements located on the stair step; share properties of metals and non-metals |
| Non metals | brittle solids or gases at room temperature; on the right side of the stairstep |
| noble gases | group 18; unreactive because they have a full outer shell of valence electrons = all 8 of them |
| octet | full outer shell of 8 electrons :) |
| halogens | group 17; most reactive non metals; 7 valence electrons |
| alkali metals | group 1; most reactive metals; 1 valence electron |
| alkaline earth metals | group 2; highly reactive metals; 2 valence electrons |
| transition metals | groups 3-12; common metals |
| Bohr Model | shows the electrons of an atom in rings; 2 in first ring and 8 in all other rings |
| atomic number | tells the number of protons |
| atomic mass | tells the number of protons + neutrons |
| subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass = | number of neutrons in an atom |
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